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BIOLOGY > Plant Anatomy > Flashcards

Plant Anatomy Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

What are meristems?

A

plant stem cells

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2
Q

What do meristems divide by?

A

mitosis

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3
Q

What is primary growth?

A

growing taller

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4
Q

What are apical meristems?

A

primary meristems (at tips and roots)

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5
Q

What are the 3 primary meristems?

A
  1. protoderm
  2. procambium
  3. ground meristem
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6
Q

What is the protoderm meristem?

A

meristem that gives rise to dermal tissue

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7
Q

What is the ground meristem?

A

meristem that gives rise to ground tissue

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8
Q

What is the procambium meristem?

A

meristem that gives rise to vascular tissue

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9
Q

Where are “backup” meristems located?

A

in axillary buds (remain dormant until needed)

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10
Q

What are intercalary meristems?

A

primary meristems that add to internode length

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11
Q

What are lateral meristems?

A

meristems that influence diameter of a plant

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12
Q

What type of growth do lateral meristems participate in?

A

secondary growth

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13
Q

What are the two types of lateral meristems?

A
  1. vascular cambium
  2. cork cambium
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14
Q

What does cambium mean?

A

meristem

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15
Q

What does a vascular cambium do?

A

produces phloem outwards and xylem inwards

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16
Q

What does the cork cambium do?

A

forms outer cortex (cork)

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17
Q

What is suberin?

A

impermeable wax that cork cells have

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18
Q

What is the root system?

A

everything underground

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19
Q

What is the shoot system?

A

everything above ground

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20
Q

What is an internode?

A

distance between 2 nodes

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21
Q

What are the three types of plant tissues?

A
  1. dermal
  2. ground
  3. vascular
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22
Q

What cell components make up the dermal tissue?

A
  1. epidermis
  2. periderm
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23
Q

What are the three main components of the dermal tissue?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. cuticle
  2. guard cells
  3. trichomes
24
Q

What is the function of dermal tissue?

Study These Flashcards
A

protect and prevent water loss

25
What is ground tissue?
normal plant tissue (not vascular and not dermal)
26
What are the 3 cell components that make up ground tissue?
1. parenchyma 2. collenchyma 3. sclerenchyma
27
What is the job of parenchyma?
photosynthesis
28
Is parenchyma alive at maturity?
yes
29
Where would you find parenchyma cells?
in leaves
30
What is the job of collenchyma cells?
to provide flexible support
31
Where would you find collenchyma cells?
in celery
32
Are collenchyma cells alive at maturity?
yes
33
What is the job of sclerenchyma cells?
to provide rigid support because of lignin
34
Where would you find sclerenchyma cells?
nutshells and skin of fruits
35
Are sclerenchyma cells alive at maturity?
no
36
What are the components of vascular tissue?
1. xylem 2. phloem
37
What is the function of vascular tissue?
transport water and sugar
38
What does the xylem do?
move water up a plant
39
What does phloem do?
move sugar and other nutrients up and down the plant
40
What are the two types of xylem?
vessels and tracheids
41
Are vessels and tracheids dead or alive at maturity?
dead
42
What are sieve tubes?
part of the phloem that helps the transportation of nutrients
43
What is the function of roots?
absorption of nutrients and anchoring
44
Where is the root epidermis located?
outside the root (with the root hairs)
45
What is the root cortex?
inside the epidermis and it holds the ground tissues
46
What is the endodermis?
inside the cortex, has suberin
47
Why does the endodermis have suberin and where is it located?
it is located between the casperian strip, it helps filter water and nutrients into the plant
48
What is the function of the root pericycle?
gives rise to branch roots
49
What does ephemeral mean?
plants that live and die in weeks
50
What does perennial mean?
plants that growth year after year
51
What does annual mean?
plants that live for a year
52
What does biennial mean?
plants that live for 2 years
53
What do biennial plants do the first year?
grow and store carbs
54
What do biennial plants do their second year?
use stored energy to reproduce
55
Is phloem part of bark?
yes

BIOLOGY (18 decks)

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