Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANATOMY > PLEURAL CAVITY > Flashcards

PLEURAL CAVITY Flashcards

1
Q

What is the superior thoracic aperture

A

the opening at the top of the thoracic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the superior thoracic aperture referred to as anatomically and clinically

A

anatomically - thoracic inlet

clinically - thoracic outlet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the superior thoracic aperture bounded by

A

First thoracic vertebra (T1) - posteriorly
First pair of ribs - laterally
costal cartilage of 1st rib/ superior border of the manubrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many articular facets does the head of the 1st rib possess

A

one - articulates with 1st thoracic vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What separates the two shallow grooves on the upper surface of the body of the 1st rib

A

scalene tubercle - attachment of anterior scalene muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the anterior groove of the 1st rib lodge?

A

subclavian vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the posterior groove of the 1st rib lodge?

A

subclavian artery and lowest trunk of branchial plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What numbers of vertebral body does the head of the rib articulate with

A

same number and one above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the joint between the head of the rib and 2 vertebral bodies

A 
costovertebral joints 
(synovial plane)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where does the tubercle of the rib articulate?

A

transverse process of the same number of thoracic vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the name of the joint between the transverse process and the tubercle of the rib

A 
costotransverse joint
(synovial plane)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the inferior thoracic aperture bounded by

A

12th thoracic vertebra (T12) - posteriorly
11th + 12th pairs of ribs - laterally
costal cartialge of ribs 7-10 and the xiphisternal joint - anteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the diaphragm

A

fibromuscular membrane stretched across the midline of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where does the left side of the chest wall drain to?

A

thoracic duct - left brachiocephalic v

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where does the right side of the chest wall drain to?

A

right lymphatic duct - right brachiocephalic v

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the 3 peripheral attatchments of the diaphragm

A

lumbar vertebrae/ arcuate ligaments
costalcartilage of ribs 7-12
xiphoid process of the sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the central attachment of the diaphragm

A

central tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the parts of the diaphragm that arise from the vertebrae called

A

right and left crura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where does the right crus arise from

A

L1-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where does the left crus arise from

A

L1-2 and their intervertebral discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where are the nerve roots of the phrenic nerve

A

Anterior rami of C3
C4 (mainly)
C5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

is the phrenic nerve motor or sensory

A

both

23
Q

What are the motor functions of the phrenic nerve

A

Pierces and innervates thediaphragm from its inferior surface

24
Q

What are the sensory functions of the phrenic nerve

A

Supplies the central part of the diaphragm.

25
Q

What are the peripheral portions of the diaphragm also innervated by

A

sensory fibres of intercostal nerves, T7-T12)

26
Q

Where is the caval opening and what is its funtion

A

T8 - passes through the central tendon of the diaphragm.

It transmits the inferior vena cava & the right phrenic nerve.

27
Q

Where is the oesophageal hiatus and what is its function

A

T10 - located through the muscular sling of the right crus.

It transmits the oesophagus and both vagus nn.

28
Q

Where is the aortic hiatus and what is its function

A

T12 - between the left and right crus.

It transmits the aorta, the azygos vein, the hemiazygos vein, and the thoracic duct.

29
Q

What structures are included in the upper respiratory tract?

A

nasal cavity
pharynx
larynx
ABOVE STERNAL ANGLE

30
Q

What structures are included in the lower respiratory tract?

A

trachea
bronchi
bronchioles
lungs

31
Q

Which portion of the respiratory tree does gas exchange occur

A

respiratory portion

None in conducting portion

32
Q

What is included in the conducting portion of the respiratory tree?

A 
trachea
main bronchus
lobar bronchus
segmental bronchus
conducting bronchiole 
terminal bronchiole
33
Q

What is included in the respiratory portion of the respiratory tree?

A

respiratory bronchiole
alveolar duct
alveolar sac
alveolus

34
Q

Where is the larynx found?

A

anterior neck between C3-6

35
Q

Where does the larynx extend

A

tip of the epiglottis to the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage

36
Q

What is the larynx innervated by

A

branches of the vagus nerve

37
Q

regarding surface anataomy of the larynx what lies at

C3, C4, C5 and C6

A

C3 - Hyoid
C4- thyrohyoid membrane
C5- Laryngeal prominence
C6- Cricoid cartilage/ start of trachea

38
Q

What is the lung hilum?

A

area located on medial/ mediastinal surface of lung

39
Q

What is the lung root

A

group of structures that enter or leave the lung hilum

40
Q

What structures are included in the lung hilum

A

bronchi
pulmonary artey (in front of bronchus)
superior pulmonar vein - most anterior
inferior pulmonary vein - most inferior

41
Q

What is the additional bronchus in the right lung called

A

eparterial

42
Q

What is the nerve supply of the parietal pleura

A

somatic nerves
(intercostal + phrenic)
pain sensitive

43
Q

What is the nerve supply of the visceral pleura

A 
autonomic nerves (T2- T5)
pain insensitive
44
Q

Where is the pleural reflection?

A

Place at which parietal pleura changes its direction of travel

45
Q

Where is the pleural recess?

A

The increased space between the layers of the pleura occuring at the pleural reflections

46
Q

What structures make up the inferior margin of the lung

A

6, 8, 10
rib 6 - midclavicular line
rib 8 - midaxillary line
rib 10 - midscapular line

47
Q

What structures make up the inferior margin of the parietal pleura

A

8, 10, 12

2 Intercostal spaces difference between ribs 8, 10 and 12

48
Q

What does the horizontal fissure follow

A

line of 4th rib anteriorly

49
Q

Where does the oblique fissure begin

A

spine of T3

50
Q

What does the oblique fissure follow

A

line of 6th rib anteriorly

51
Q

What is different n the histology of bronchioles and the trachea

A

bronchioles have no cartilage, no glands and no goblet cells

52
Q

what happens to the epithelium as the tubes shrink within the lungs

A

becomes flatter from tracheato to alveoli, from cloumnar –> cuboidal -> squamos

53
Q

what happens to the cartilage as the tubes shrink within the lungs

A

reduces from rings –> small plates –> complete absence in bronchioles

54
Q

what happens to the mucous-secreting glands and goblet cells as the tubes shrink within the lungs

A

decrease to complete absence in the bronchioles

ANATOMY (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions