Pneumonia 1 - Intro

Question 1

defined as signs of ? of the pulm parenchyma plus ? ? on CXR (separates from ?)

more common in ?, the ?, smokers, ? and those with ? disease.

can also develop 2* to bronchial ? eg lung ?

Answer 1

infection
new shadowing
bronchitis
men
elderly
alcoholics
chronic
obstruction
Ca

Question 2

Clinical features

• acute ? illness - fever, ? and ?
• cough - initially short ? and painful progressing to ? with ? sputum
• SOB
• ? chest pain, may be ref to ? or ant abdo wall
• elderly may report ? Sx whilst be very unwell - often presx with acute ?

Answer 2

systemic
rigors, vomiting
dry
prod
mucopurulent
pleuritic
shoulder
few
confusion

Question 3

O/E

• ?pnoea
• decr ? ? on affected side
• ? on percussion over affected area
• ? ? and pleural ? over affected area, with ? breathing
• ? vocal resonance
• in lower lobe pneumonia may get ? ? tenderness

Answer 3

tachy
chest exp
dull
coarse crackles
rub
bronchial
incr
upper abdo

Question 4

Clinical context of development is highly suggestive of the likely ?

• CAP or HAP
• HAP - that develops at least ? hrs after admission to hospital, with no signs of ? on admission, or develops in someone hospitalised in last ? days (even if discharged since)
• also another context -> development in ? patients, or pts with underlying lung damage already

Answer 4

organisms
48
incubation
10
immcomp

Question 5

CAP causes

• conventional bacteria = 60-80% - mostly ? ? also ? ? which is more common in copd
• atypical bact - 10-20% - ?, chlamydia, or ? pneumonia
• viruses - 10-20% - influ/? - often in outbreaks
• also can get fungal, rare, but seen in ? pts

Answer 5

strep pneum, haemo influ
legionella, mycoplasma
parainfluenza
immcomp