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Respiratory Exam 2 > Pneumonia > Flashcards

Pneumonia Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

what is the most common lethal nosocomial infection

A
  • hospital acquired pneumonia
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2
Q

the most common route of bacterial infection in the lung is

A
  • aspiration of pathogen
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3
Q

what is aspiration

A
  • inhaling of pathogens that colonize the oropharynx
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4
Q

what organism is well spread by hematogenous route of infection

A
  • staph aureus
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5
Q

onset of typical pneumonia

A
  • rapid onset
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6
Q

appearance of patient with typical pneumonia

A
  • ill appearing
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7
Q

lung exam of patient with typical pneumonia

A
  • consolidation

- crackles on exam

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8
Q

white count of patient with typical pneumonia

A
  • high white count
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9
Q

CXR of patient with typical pneumonia

A
  • airspace filling

- lobar infiltrate

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10
Q

typical pneumonia organisms

A
  • Strep pneumo
  • Staph aureus
  • gram negative bacilli
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11
Q

onset of atypical pneumonia

A
  • later onset
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12
Q

appearance of patient with atypical pneumonia

A
  • less ill appearing
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13
Q

lung exam of patient with atypical pneumonia

A
  • crackles without consolidation
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14
Q

white count of patient with atypical pneumonia

A
  • mild/no elevated white count
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15
Q

CXR of patient with atypical pneumonia

A
  • patchy/interstital infiltrates
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16
Q

atypical pneumonia organisms

A
  • mycoplasma
  • chlamydia
  • viruses
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17
Q

what pneumonia causing organisms are associated with alcoholism, nursing home, cardiopulmonary disease

A
  • aerobic gram negative bacilli
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18
Q

what pneumonia causing organisms are associated with loss of consciousness, swallowing dysfunction, poor dental hygiene, airway obstruction, neuromuscular weakness/stroke

A
  • anaerobes
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19
Q

what pneumonia causing organisms are associated with COPD and smoking

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A
  • H. influenzae
20
Q

what pneumonia causing organisms are associated with nursing homes, post influenza, IVDA, bronchiectasis

21
Q

what pneumonia causing organisms are associated with structural lung disease, recent broad spectrum antibiotics, malnutrition, chronic steroids

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A
  • P. aeruginosa
22
Q

what pneumonia causing organisms are associated with age > 65, beta lactate therapy within 3 months, exposure to child in daycare, underlying medical co-morbidities

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A
  • drug resistant strep pneumonia
23
Q

we use urine antigens for which organisms

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A
  • legionella
  • strep pneumo
  • histoplasma
24
Q

what stain do you use for fungus on a culture?

25
upper lobe cavitary infiltrate is indicative of which infection
- TB
26
exposure to outdoorsmen is indicative of which infection
- blastomycosis
27
exposure to the desert Southwest is indicative of which infection
- coccidioidomycosis
28
respiratory rate for severe vital sign
>30
29
Systolic BP for severe vital sign
< 90
30
Temperature for severe vital sign
>40 or <35
31
HR for severe vital sign
> 125
32
WBC numbers for severe vital signs
> 30 K or < 4K
33
initial treatment for pneumonia is always
- empiric
34
pathogenesis of hospital acquired pneumonia
- colonization of pharynx with pathogenic bacteria | - micro-aspiration of lower respiratory tract
35
is hospital acquired pneumonia based solely on a new culture result
- no
36
treatment of hospital acquired pneumonia based on
- local hospital flora
37
common pathogens in the hospital
- P. aeruginosa - Enterobacter - E. Coli - Klebsiella - Acetinobacter - MRSA - Anaerobes KEEP AMA
38
neutropenic patients susceptible to infections by these organisms
- bacteria - aspergillus - candida
39
splenectomy patients susceptible to infections by these organisms
- encapsulated organisms
40
HIV or immunosuppressant patients susceptible to infections by these organisms
- fungi - mycobacteria - viruses (CMV, EBV) - bacteria
41
important infection with a CD4 below 200
- PJP
42
what is the most likely diagnosis of a symptomatic HIV+ patient with an abnormal CXR
- bacterial pneumonia
43
treatment of PJP in patients with AIDS
- SMX/TMP - IV pentamide - Corticosteroids
44
most common causes of pnuemonia
- strep pneumo - H. flu - M. catarrhalis
45
what type of TB presentation do you see in patients with a higher CD4 count
- typical presentations
46
what type of TB presentation do you see in patients with a lower CD4 count examples
- atypical - lower zone infiltrates - mediastinal adenopathy - disseminated disease

Respiratory Exam 2 (18 decks)

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