PNUR 1001 03 Levels of Organization Flashcards
(168 cards)
1
Q
horizontal abduction
A
movement of the arm away from midline, or posterior, when at shoulder level
2
Q
left: forearm pronation
right: forearm supination
A
What are the names of each of these two movements?
3
Q
the opposite side
A
contralateral
4
Q
front; anterior
A
ventral
5
Q
retraction
A
movement of the scapula toward the spinal column; scapular adduction
6
Q
name, location, function, structure?
A
simple cuboidal cells
loc: small glands and kidney tubules
fxn: secretes and absorbs
strc: cube shaped
7
Q
rotation movement of the forearm to palm up; palm facing anterior
A
supination
8
Q
What are the names of each of these two movements?
A
left: shoulder medial rotation
right: shoulder lateral rotation
9
Q
abdominopelvic cavity
A
one large cavity containing the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity
(note: sometimes drawn to create a boundary b/t the abdominal and pelvic
10
Q
inferior
infer/o
A
toward or nearer to the feet; caudal
11
Q
thoracic cavity
A
included in the ventral cavity; contains the lungs, heart, great vessels, trachea, esophagus, and thymus
12
Q
left lower quadrant
A
LLQ
13
Q
appendicular
A
portion of the body that includes the arms (upper extremities) and the legs (lower extremities)
14
Q
abdominal cavity
A
included in the abdominopelvic cavity; contains the stomach, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and large and small intestines
15
Q
axial
A
portion of the body that includes the head, neck and trunk
16
Q
Identify each body cavity
A
A: cranial
B; dorsal
C: vertebral
D: abdominopelvic
E: ventral
F: thoracic
17
Q
movement of the arm away from midline, or posterior, when at shoulder level
A
horizontal abduction
18
Q
ventral cavity
A
located on the anterior or front side of the body; consists of the **thoracic cavity **and abdominopelvic cavity
19
Q
left: elbow extension
right: elbow flexion
A
What are the names of each of these two movements?
20
Q
adduction
A
movement toward the side, toward the body
21
Q
connective tissue
(definition, function, types)
A
composed of cells that can form tissues
fxn: supports other body tissues, protects internal organs, stores energy, and serves as a transport system
types: cartilage, adipose (fat), bone, and blood
22
Q
included in the abdominopelvic cavity; contains the cecum, appendix, ascending colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, bladder, and ureters.
* In females: also, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries.
* In males: also, urethra
A
pelvic cavity
23
Q
movement of the scapula away from the spinal column; scapular abduction
A
protraction
24
Q
lateral
later/o
A
away from the midline; toward the side
25
located on the **anterior** or front side of the body; consists of the **thoracic cavity **and **abdominopelvic cavity**
ventral cavity
26
proximal
proxim/o
nearer to the **axial** body
27
flex
flexion
28
rotation movement of the *shoulder or hip* away from the midline; *external rotation*
lateral rotation
29
retroperitoneal space
**area at the back of the abdomen** just *lateral* to the spinal column; contains the kidneys
30
cranial cavity
included in the **dorsal cavity**; contains the *brain*
31
movement of the *wrist* toward the *radius* or away from the body; *wrist abduction*
radial deviation
32
**simple squamous cells**
* loc: lines air sacs. heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels
* fxn: lubricates; filters and difuses
* strc: flat in shape
name, location, function, structure?
33
**posterior**
(abrev)
post
34
PA
posteroanterior
35
rotation movement of the *shoulder or hip* toward the midline; *internal rotation*
medial rotation
36
anterior
anter/o
toward or near the front; **ventral**
37
further into the body
deep
38
name, location, function, structure?
**simple squamous cells**
* loc: lines air sacs. heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels
* fxn: lubricates; filters and difuses
* strc: flat in shape
39
away from the midline; toward the side
lateral
later/o
40
L
left
41
distal
dist/o
further from the **axial** body
42
toward or nearer to the head; **cranial**
superior
super/o
43
name, location, function, structure?
**simple columnar**
loc: bronchi, uterine tubes, uterus (ciliated), digestive tract, and bladder (nonciliated)
fxn: absorbs; secretes mucus and enzymes
strc: *cylyndrical* in shape
44
supination
rotation movement of the *forearm to palm up*; palm facing **anterior**
45
ventral
front; **anterior**
46
bilateral
both sides
47
standing upright, with arms at the sides and palm facing forward
anatomical postion
48
the same side
ipsilateral
49
nervous tissue
(definition, function)
composed of neurons
fxn: transmits nerve impuses by the release of neurotransmitters
50
RLQ
right lower quadrant
51
apex
the pointed tip of a conical structure
52
RUQ
right upper quadrant
53
medial rotation
rotation movement of the *shoulder or hip* toward the midline; *internal rotation*
54
frontal plane
(coronal plane)
runs vertically from left to right and divides the body into front and back portions
55
dorsal cavity
located on the **posterior** or back part of the body; contains the **cranial cavity** and the **vertebral cavity**
56
unilateral
one side
57
portion of the body that includes the arms (**upper extremities**) and the legs (**lower extremities**)
appendicular
58
posteroanterior
(abrev)
PA
59
further from the **axial** body
distal
dist/o
60
nearer to the surface of the body
superficial
61
ipsilateral
the same side
62
runs parallel to the ground and divides the body into upper (**superior**) and lower (**inferior**) segments
transverse plane
(horizontal plane)
63
**anterior**
(abrev)
ant
64
left
(abrev)
L
65
abduction
movement toward the side, away from the body
66
superficial
nearer to the surface of the body
67
body planes
(definition and names)
imaginary slices/cuts through the body that divide it vertically or horizontally into sections; used as points of reference
* **sagittal**
* **midsagittal**
* **frontal**
* **transverse**
68
What are the names of each of these two movements?
left: forearm **pronation**
right: forearm **supination**
69
posterior
poster/o
toward or near the back; **dorsal**
70
adduction
(abrev)
add
71
ant
**anterior**
72
extension
movement toward the back or **posterior**
| (exception at the knee joint)
73
movement of the *ankle* causing the bottom of the foot to face toward the midline or **medially**
inversion
74
abd
abduction
75
LE
lower extremity; *leg*
76
movement of the arm toward the midline, or **anterior**, when *at shoulder level*
horizontal adduction
77
pelvic cavity
included in the **abdominopelvic cavity**; contains the cecum, appendix, ascending colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, bladder, and ureters.
* In females: also, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries.
* In males: also, urethra
78
vertebral cavity
included in the **dorsal cavity**; contains the *spinal column*
79
What are the names of each of these two movements?
left: shoulder **abduction**
right: soulder **adduction**
80
muscle tissue
(definition, function, types)
composed of contractile fibers
fxn: shortens or lengthens as muscle cells contract or relax
types: skeletal, cardiac, smooth
81
What are the names of each of these two movements?
left: shoulder **horizontal abduction**
right: shoulder **horizontal adduction**
82
movement toward the front or **anterior**
| (exception at the knee joint)
flexion
83
anteroposterior
(abrev)
AP
84
left upper quadrant
(abrev)
LUQ
85
prone
lying horizontally facing downward
86
base
the lower or supporting part of any structure
87
back; posterior
dorsal
88
protraction
movement of the *scapula* away from the *spinal column*; scapular **abduction**
89
the lower or supporting part of any structure
base
90
LUQ
left upper quadrant
91
anatomical postion
standing upright, with arms at the sides and palm facing forward
92
included in the **dorsal cavity**; contains the *spinal column*
vertebral cavity
93
ulnar deviation
movement of the *wrist* toward the *ulna* or toward the body; wrist adduction
94
deep
further into the body
95
one large cavity containing the **abdominal cavity** and the **pelvic cavity**
| (note: sometimes drawn to create a boundary b/t the abdominal and pelvic
abdominopelvic cavity
96
right lower quadrant
(abrev)
RLQ
97
both sides
bilateral
98
movement toward the side, away from the body
abduction
99
horizontal adduction
movement of the arm toward the midline, or **anterior**, when *at shoulder level*
100
What are the names of each of these two movements?
left: elbow **extension**
right: elbow **flexion**
101
lying horizontally facing downward
prone
102
lateral
lat
103
UE
upper extremity; *arm*
104
medial
med
105
dorsal
back; posterior
106
composed of contractile fibers
fxn: shortens or lengthens as muscle cells contract or relax
types: skeletal, cardiac, smooth
muscle tissue
(definition, function, types)
107
right
R
108
movement toward the side, toward the body
adduction
109
ext
extension
110
rotation movement of the *forearm palm down*; palm facing **posterior**
pronation
111
sagittal plane
runs vertically from front to back and divides the body into equal right and left segments
| (note: it **does not** divide into *equal* right and left segments
112
transverse plane
(horizontal plane)
runs parallel to the ground and divides the body into upper (**superior**) and lower (**inferior**) segments
113
lying horizontally facing upward
supine
114
lateral rotation
rotation movement of the *shoulder or hip* away from the midline; *external rotation*
115
composed of neurons
fxn: transmits nerve impuses by the release of neurotransmitters
nervous tissue
(definition, function)
116
included in the **dorsal cavity**; contains the *brain*
cranial cavity
117
supine
lying horizontally facing upward
118
A: cranial
B; dorsal
C: vertebral
D: abdominopelvic
E: ventral
F: thoracic
Identify each body cavity
119
radial deviation
movement of the *wrist* toward the *radius* or away from the body; *wrist abduction*
120
post
**posterior**
121
portion of the body that includes the head, neck and trunk
axial
122
left: shoulder **horizontal abduction**
right: shoulder **horizontal adduction**
What are the names of each of these two movements?
123
What are the names of each of these two movements?
left: scapular **retraction**
right: scapular **protraction**
124
left: shoulder **medial** rotation
right: shoulder **lateral** rotation
What are the names of each of these two movements?
125
superior
super/o
toward or nearer to the head; **cranial**
126
**area at the back of the abdomen** just *lateral* to the spinal column; contains the kidneys
retroperitoneal space
127
toward or near the front; **ventral**
anterior
anter/o
128
abduction
abd
129
toward or nearer to the feet; **caudal**
inferior
infer/o
130
medial
medi/o
toward the midline; nearer to the middle
131
included in the **ventral cavity**; contains the lungs, heart, great vessels, trachea, esophagus, and thymus
thoracic cavity
132
included in the **abdominopelvic cavity**; contains the stomach, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and large and small intestines
abdominal cavity
133
inversion
movement of the *ankle* causing the bottom of the foot to face toward the midline or **medially**
134
located on the **posterior** or back part of the body; contains the **cranial cavity** and the **vertebral cavity**
dorsal cavity
135
AP
anteroposterior
136
midsagittal plane
(midline, median plane)
divides the body into *equal right and left halves*
137
R
right
138
eversion
movement of the *ankle* causing the bottom of the foot to face toward the side or **latterally**
139
composed of cells that can form tissues
fxn: supports other body tissues, protects internal organs, stores energy, and serves as a transport system
types: cartilage, adipose (fat), bone, and blood
connective tissue
(definition, function, types)
140
LLQ
left lower quadrant
141
right upper quadrant
RUQ
142
**simple cuboidal cells**
loc: small glands and kidney tubules
fxn: secretes and absorbs
strc: cube shaped
name, location, function, structure?
143
lat
lateral
144
toward or near the back; **dorsal**
posterior
poster/o
145
contralateral
the opposite side
146
movement of the *ankle* causing the bottom of the foot to face toward the side or **latterally**
eversion
147
flexion
flex
148
extension
ext
149
pronation
rotation movement of the *forearm palm down*; palm facing **posterior**
150
movement of the *scapula* away from the *spinal column*; scapular **abduction**
protraction
151
upper extremity; *arm*
UE
152
runs vertically from left to right and divides the body into front and back portions
frontal plane
(coronal plane)
153
toward the midline; nearer to the middle
medial
medi/o
154
runs vertically from front to back and divides the body into equal right and left segments
| (note: it **does not** divide into *equal* right and left segments
sagittal plane
155
add
adduction
156
divides the body into *equal right and left halves*
midsagittal plane
(midline, median plane)
157
**simple columnar**
loc: bronchi, uterine tubes, uterus (ciliated), digestive tract, and bladder (nonciliated)
fxn: absorbs; secretes mucus and enzymes
strc: *cylyndrical* in shape
name, location, function, structure?
158
movement toward the back or **posterior**
| (exception at the knee joint)
extension
159
nearer to the **axial** body
proximal
proxim/o
160
imaginary slices/cuts through the body that divide it vertically or horizontally into sections; used as points of reference
* **sagittal**
* **midsagittal**
* **frontal**
* **transverse**
body planes
(definition and names)
161
lower extremity; *leg*
LE
162
left: scapular **retraction**
right: scapular **protraction**
What are the names of each of these two movements?
163
the pointed tip of a conical structure
apex
164
left: shoulder **abduction**
right: soulder **adduction**
What are the names of each of these two movements?
165
movement of the *wrist* toward the *ulna* or toward the body; wrist adduction
ulnar deviation
166
one side
unilateral
167
med
medial
168
flexion
movement toward the front or **anterior**
| (exception at the knee joint)
