English Literature > Poetry > Flashcards

Poetry Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

Describe the word LINE

A

The line is the basic structural unit of the poem and is a row of words

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2
Q

Describe the word POEM

A

A poem is a literary composition, in which the words are arranged in different lines

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3
Q

Describe the word POETRY

A

Poetry is the art of writing poems

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4
Q

Describe the word STANZA

A

A stanza is a group of lines forming a metrical unit in the poem

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5
Q

Describe the word RHYME

A

A rhyme is the use of words with the same ending sound, it could be an internal rhyme, and when it’s unrhymed it’s called blank verse

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6
Q

Describe the word RHYTHM

A

The rhythm is a strong pattern of sounds

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7
Q

How many kinds of stanza do you know?

A 
There are five kinds of stanzas
The couplet
The tercet 
The quatrain
The sestet
The octave
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8
Q

Describe the word METER and how it’s measured

A

The meter is the regular pattern of stressed and unstressed words, and is measured in feet

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9
Q

There are two kind of patterns, such as…

A

The trochee, which is the stressed and unstressed pattern

The iamb, which is the unstressed and stressed pattern, remarkable to the iambic pentameter

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10
Q

Describe the RUN ON LINE

A

The run on line or enjambement is when a line ends in the middle of a phrase and the meaning break comes in the next line

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11
Q

Describe CAESURA

A

It is a pause in the middle of a phrase, usually shown by a punctuation mark

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12
Q

Describe ASSONANCE

A

The assonance is the repetition of the same wowel sound

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13
Q

Describe ALLITERATION

A

Alliteration is the repetition of the same initial consonant sound in consecutive words

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14
Q

Describe ONOMATOPOEIA

A

Onomatopoeia is the use of words whose sound illustrates their meaning

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15
Q

Describe REPETITION/REFRAIN

A

Phrases and lines repeated in the course of the poem to create a musical effect

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16
Q

How did the first inhabitants of Britain change the landscape?

A

They changed the landscape burning and cutting down forests to grow cereals

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17
Q

What is Stonehenge?

A

Space used both for ceremonies and for defense

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18
Q

What remains in modern times which still Celtic?

A

Their language remains in Welsh and Gaelic and is possible to see the long narrow pattern of the Celtic field

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19
Q

What did the celts live on?

A

They lived in farming, hunting, fishing and metal working

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20
Q

What did they introduced to make cultivation easier?

A

They introduced the iron plough which made the cultivation of soil easier

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21
Q

What was the role of women among the Celts?

A

They were almost equal to men because they could choose the man they wanted to merry and retained their own property

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22
Q

What did the celts worshipped and what they did believe?

A

They worshipped natural elements such as the sun, moon trees an rivers. They believed in transmigration of the soul and in immortality

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23
Q

Why did the romans conquered Britain?

A

They were attracted by the rich agriculture of the sound

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24
Q

What did they bring with them and what did they built?

A

They built the Hadrian wall which divided the conquered and unconquered lands

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25
Why did the Romans leave Britain and what were the consequences?
They left Britain because they were withdrawn to defend Rome by the barbarian raiders and left alone the romanised celts
26
Why did the Anglo Saxons settle south of Adrian wall?
They settled there because they were lowland rather than upland people and were looking for farming lands
27
What was their society based in and where did they gathered?
Their society was based on loyalty and the family, they gathered in the hall
28
Who brought Christianity back to Britain?
Christianity was brought back to Britain from a monk sent by pope Gregory I the Great
29
How did the Church contribute to the development of of culture?
The church contributed to the development of culture because offered efficient public administration and educated the people
30
Who were the Danes? And why did they attack Britain?
The Danes were sea people and they attacked Britain because they were looking for treasures cattle and slaves
31
Who opposed them? Was he successful?
Alfred the great defeated the Vikings, but then they were defeated in the Hastings battle
32
Whet was Denegeld?
Denegeld was the act of paying money to the Vikings
33
What happened to the English ruling class after the Norman conquest?
The English ruling class was annihilated because most of them died in the battle
34
What was the feudal system introduced by William like?
The feudal system was based on the knights and on the honor and service
35
What was the domesday book?
The domesday book was a record of survey which gave a detailed informa of the territories he possessed
36
Why was it called domesday?
Because they felt like having their souls weighed up on judgement day
37
What happens in 1199?
John became king
38
What happened in 1215?
The king signed Magna Carta
39
What happened in 1225?
Magna Carta was issued again in its final version
40
What happened in 1337?
Edward III claimed the crown of France
41
And in 1348?
The Hundred Years’ War was interrupted by a plague
42
And in 1377?
Richard II became king
43
And in 1381?
John of gaunt introduced the poll tax
44
What happened in 1453?
In 1453 ended the Hundred Years’ War
45
Describe the Black Death
Black Death is a deadly plague which killed nearly half the population in Europe during the 14th century
46
What did this plague cause and what did it bring?
It caused a dramatic fall of the man available to work in the fields and brought a religious crisis and a growth of the prices
47
Why was there a large church building campaign in England after the Norman conquest?
Because the Normans used churches to glorify god, and there was a large church building champagne because roads and bridges improved the transportation of materials and because there had been a urban growth
48
When was a church called a cathedral?
It was called a cathedral when it contained a cathedral, or a throne for the bishop
49
What materials were used to build Norman cathedrals?
They used timber, stone,marble and glass
50
When and where did the gothic style evolve?
It evolved in in France during the 12th century
51
Who first built west minister abbey? When?
West minister abbey was built in 1065 by Edward the confessor
52
When was most of the surviving abbey built?
It was built in the gothic style for Henry the III in 1245-1272
53
Who was the first Lancastrian king of England?
The first Lancastrian king of England was Henry the fourth
54
Who ruled England during Henry the sixth’s mental illness?
England was ruled by Richard the duke of York
55
When did the war of roses start?
The war of roses started in 1455
56
What did the two roses symbolize?
The two roses symbolized the two royal families, the Lancaster had the red rose and the house of York had the white one
57
Why did the war of roses break out?
It broke out because Richard the third was defeated and killed by the Lancastrian Henry Tudor
58
Who was Richard the third?
Richard the third was the last king of the York
59
Describe the Anglo Saxon literature
The Anglo Saxon literature was anonymously written and the poet was called “scoop” who entertained the nobleman in the halls of the kings, it was orally transmitted up until the 12th century when it was written down by the church clerks
60
Describe the main features of the Anglo Saxon poetry
The main features are Each line was divided into two halves by a break or caesura Had four stresses Alliteration used to link the two halves of the line Keening, a formulaic phrase used in place of a name
61
Describe the medieval lyric
The medieval lyric expressed intense personal emotions and could be sung with a musical instrument. The earliest we’re religious in tone but later dealt with love and nature
62
The metrical romances
They were tales about chivalry, love and supernatural creatures They came from France, Rome, Britain
63
The medieval ballad
They were anonymously written and were intended for singing and dancing Simple language and included formulaic phrases Transmitted orally
64
The epic poem
Is a long narrative poetical composition Deals with the recollection of a glorious past in the national history of a country Scene occupied by supernatural creatures Military and aristocratic Society It’s an objective narration since any of them, poet included, criticize the costumes or their country The theme is the nature of heroic life and is written with an elevated style, the vocabulary is rich and vivid
65
The pagan elegy
It’s a lyrical poem in the form of a dramatic monologue, where an isolated speaker expresses his loss friendship fa our and last splendour The images are active rather than static The theme is the exile ore wracca The main character is the wanderer The mood is melancholic and frequently alliterated
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