popliteal region and knee joint

Question 1

deep fascia also known as

Answer 1

fascia lata

Question 2

deep fascia of the leg

Answer 2

crural fascia

Question 3

lesser saphenous vein drains to

Answer 3

popliteal vein

Question 4

popliteus

Answer 4

O: lateral condyle of femur, lateral meniscus
I: Proximal posterior tibia
Inn: tibial nerve
Blood: Popliteal artery
Action: unlocks extended knee (rotates femur laterally when tibia is fixed, tibia rotates medially when its not fixed)

fibers attach to the lateral meniscus and retract it posterior during knee flexion

Question 5

popliteus in close chain femur moves?
popliteus in open chain femur moves?

Answer 5

femur rotates lateral
femur rotates medial

Question 6

what provides collateral circulation to the knee joint?

Answer 6

Genicular branches of the popliteal artery

Question 7

name the genicular branches

Answer 7

lateral superior genicular artery
medial superior genicular artery
middle genicular artery
lateral inferior genicular artery
medial inferior genicular artery

Question 8

middle genicular pierces joint capsules and supplies to

Answer 8

ACL , posterior joint capsule and part of ACL

Question 9

what supplies to the ACL

Answer 9

lateral/Medial Inferior genicular artery
middle genicular artery

Question 10

patella is a sesamoid bone

Answer 10

develops in tendon of quadriceps

Question 11

intercondylar eminence

Answer 11

attachment of cruciate lig ACL/PCL

Question 12

top of patella is

Answer 12

base

Question 13

bottom of patella is

Answer 13

apex

Question 14

femorotibial joint is known as

Answer 14

true joint

Question 15

patella sits on the

Answer 15

trochlear groove

Question 16

joint space is where

Answer 16

the patella glides

Question 17

extrinsic ligaments

Answer 17

anterior
medial and lateral
posterior

Question 18

anterior extrinsic ligaments

Answer 18

patellar ligament
patellar reinaculum (medial and lateral)

Question 19

medial and lateral extrinsic ligaments

Answer 19

MCL - tibial
LCL - fibular

Question 20

posterior extrinsic ligaments

Answer 20

oblique popliteal ligament
arcuate popliteal ligament

Question 21

to see LCL with muscles do you have to remove

Answer 21

bicep femoris and IT

Question 22

medial collateral ligament

Answer 22

strong, flat
medial epicondyle (femur) to medial condyle (tibia)
anchored to medial meniscus

Question 23

lateral collateral ligament

Answer 23

rounded, cordlike
lateral epicondyle (femur) to fibular head
not anchored to lateral meniscus

Question 24

anterior cuciate laigament

Answer 24

ACL
anterior tibial plate to medial side of lateral candy of the femur

Question 25

posterior cruciate ligament

Answer 25

PCL posterior tibial plateau to lateral side of medial condyle of femur

Question 26

cruciate ligaments limits? and what does it provide?

Answer 26

rotation of knee provide stability

Question 27

unhappy triad

Answer 27

three structures being sprained - ACL, medial meniscus, MCL

Question 28

ACL repair

Answer 28

double bundle reconstruction - 4 bony tunnels with 2 graft

Question 29

menisci of the knee

Answer 29

act as shock absorption

Question 30

medial meniscus

Answer 30

c shaped well anchored on tibia attached to medial collateral ligament

Question 31

lateral meniscus

Answer 31

less likely to tear more of a complete ring not well anchored (can get probe under this structure) more mobile during flexion/extension

Question 32

ACL is10x more likely to tear? true or false

Answer 32

true

Question 33

how do you get a tear?

Answer 33

knee flexion with knee valgus with extreme IR or ER

Question 34

mechanism of medical tears

Answer 34

sudden extension or rotational movements when the knee is fixed in flexion

Question 35

genu valgum - kock knees

Answer 35

MCL limits values force

Question 36

genu varum - bow legged

Answer 36

LCL limits varus force

Question 37

what goes around the ACL and PCL

Answer 37

synovial membrane

Question 38

muscles involved in IR

Answer 38

semimembranosus semitendinosus gracilis sartorius popliteus

Question 39

muscles involved in ER

Answer 39

biceps femoris long head bicep femoris short head