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701 Anatomy > Unit 2 Thoracic wall, pleural cavity and lungs > Flashcards

Unit 2 Thoracic wall, pleural cavity and lungs Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

thoracic cage also called

A

rib cage

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2
Q

floor =

A

respiratory diaphragm

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3
Q

thoracic inlet also known as

A

superior aperture

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4
Q

thoracic outlet also known as

A

inferior aperture

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5
Q

true ribs

A

1-7
have their own coastal cartilages

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6
Q

false ribs

A

8-10
indirect attachment to sternum

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7
Q

floating ribs

A

11 and 12
no sternal attachment
embed in abdominal oblique

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8
Q

three line that makes the thorax

A

midsternal line
parasternal line
midclavicular line

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9
Q

2 clavicular space

A

supraclavicular space
infraclavicular space

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10
Q

right lungs

A
  • 3 valves
  • 3 cm above clavicle in midclavicular line
  • follow inferior along parasternal line to 6th rib
  • follow lateral to midclavicular line
  • continue laterally to 8th rib and posterity to 10th rib
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11
Q

left lung

A

2 valves
- 3cm above midclavicualr line
-follow inferior along parasternal line
- follow along the curvature of the heart to the 6th rib (the heart occupies more space on the left side)
- follow lateral to midclavicular line
- continue laterally to 8th ride and posterity to 10th rib

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12
Q

costochondral joint

A
  • sternal end of rib with lateral end of costal cartilage
  • Primary cartilaginous (synchondrosis -no movement here)
  • strengthened by periosteum surrounding bone and cartilage
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13
Q

dislocation

A
  • rib separation
  • usually 3-7 (tends to lift)
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14
Q

sternocostal joint

A

-costal cartilages with sternum
- primary cartilaginous joint (1st rib)
-synovial plane joint (ribs 2-7)
- strengthened by radiate sternocostal ligaments

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15
Q

costovertebral joint complex

A
  • two joint
  • costovertebral joint
  • costotransverse joint
  • plane / gliding
  • strengthened by radiate ligament
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16
Q

costovertebral joint

A

head of rib with costal facets of vertebrae

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17
Q

cosotransverse joint

A

tubercle of rib with traverse process of vertebrae

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18
Q

what allows bucket handle movement

A

middle 1/3 of ribs 7-10 are lower than the sternal or vertebral ends. this allows for movement of the rib to shaft laterally

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19
Q

what allows pump handle movement

A

elevation of ribs 1-6 move the sternum superiorly and anteriorly

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20
Q

diaphragm

A
  • involuntary and voluntary muscles
  • origin: costal part, lumbar part, sternal part
  • insertion: central tendon
    inn: phrenic nerve (c3-c5)
  • openings - naval opening, esophageal hiatus, aortic hiatus
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21
Q

costal part

A

inferior border of the ribs (7-12)

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22
Q

lumbar part

A

vertebral bodies L1-L3, ALL, arcuate ligament

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23
Q

sternal part

A

posterior surface of xiphoid process

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24
Q

openings of diaphragm

A

caval opening
esophageal
hiatus
aortic hiatus

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25
insertion of diaphragm
central tendon
26
what innervates the diaphragm
phrenic nerve c3-5
27
caval opening
IVC, phrenic nerve branches
28
esophageal hiatus
esophagus vagal trunks
29
aortic hiatus
descending aorta thoracic duct
30
what keeps the diaphragm alive
C 3,4, and 5 keeps the diaphragm Alvie
31
blood supply for diaphragm
superior and inferior phrenic arteries, musculophrenic artery
32
muscles of the thoracic wall - accessory muscles of respiration
external intercostals internal intercostals innermost intercostals transversus thoracis subcostal muscle lavatories costar
33
inspiration muscles
lavatores costarum external intercostal
34
expiration muscles
internal intercostal innermost intercostal subcostal muscle transversus thoracis
35
External intercostals internal intercostals innermost intercostals
O: inferior border of ribs I: superior border of ribs Inn: intercostal nerves Blood: intercostal arteries
36
external intercostal muscles
- fibers move in an inferomedial direction (anterior view) - elevates the ribs during force inspiration provides support for the thoracic age during respiration
36
internal intercostal muscles
- fibers move in a posterior inferolateral direction (anterior view) - depress the ribs during force expiration - provide support for the thoracic cage during respiration - intercondral portion of muscle contributes to elevation of ribs
37
innermost intercostal muscles
-fibers move in a posterior inferolateral direction (anterior/lateral view) - occupy middle 2/4 of the rib - depress the ribs during force expiration (work with internal intercostals) - provides support for the thoracic cage during respiration / increased muscle tone and rigidity
38
serratus posterior - superior
O: nuchal ligament - spinous process C7-T2 I: Superior border of ribs 2-5 Inn: intercostal nerves Blood: PIA
39
Serratus Posterior - inferior
O: spinous process of T11-L2 I:Inferior border of ribs 9-12 Inn: intercostal nerves Blood: PIA
40
what muscles are proprioceptive feedback to the brain?
serratus posterior - respiratory muscles
41
subcostal muscle
O: internal surface of lower ribs I: superior border (internal surface) of ribs 2-3 inferior to origin Inn: intercostal nerves Blood: PIA and musculophrenic artery - depress the ribs during expiration -provides support for thoracic cage during respiration
42
transversus thoracis
O: posterior sternum body and xyphoid process, costal cartilages 4-7 I:internal surface of costal cartilage 2-6 Inn: intercostal nerves Blood: branches of internal thoracic arteries - depress - expiration - support for the intercostal spaces and thoracic cage during respiration
43
levatores costtarum
O: c7-t11 transverse processes I:adjacent rib Inn: dorsal rami C8-T11 Blood: PIA - elevate - inspiration -contributes to rotation of the thoracic spine
44
muscles of inspiration action
contraction of diaphragm, intercostal muscles increases diameter of thoracic cage
45
accessory muscles for inspiration
- sternocledomastoid (elevates the sternum) - scalene muscles (elevate upper ribs) - lavatories costarum (elevate rib) - muscles of back and upper limb (trap, pec)
46
muscles of expiration action
passive recoil of lungs and thoracic cage; intercostal muscles decrease diameter of thoracic cage
47
accessory muscles for expiration
-abdominal muscles (depress lower ribs and compress abdominal contents) -subcostal muscles (depress ribs) -transversus thoracis (depress ribs)
48
what nerves supply the thoracic wall
spinal nerves T1-T11
49
What forms the intercostal nerves
ventral (anterior) rami T1-T12
50
what forms the thoraco abdominal nerve
T7-T11 only
51
Subcostal nerve is made up of
T12 - anterior ramus
52
Dorsal (posterior) rami supply what region?
thoracic region (joints, back muscles and skin)
53
this connects each intercostal nerve to the sympathetic trunk?
rami communicantes
54
what is the job of sympathetic nerve fibers?
can use spinal nerves to reach vessels and glands in thoracic wall
55
dermatomes of the thorax is from?
posterior ramus and cutaneous branches of anterior ramus
56
another name for shingles
herpres zoster infection
57
Dermatome distribute skin lesion may occur when
varicella zoster virus is reactivated (dorsal root ganglion)
58
true or false: posterior and anterior intercostal arteries communicate via anastomoses
true
59
3 intercostal arteries
- posterior -branch from aorta - anterior branch from internal thoracic artery (1-6) - musculophrenic artery (7-9)
60
intercostal artery of rib 12 makes the
subcostal artery - branch of the thoracic aorta
61
what accompanies the arteries in the costal space
intercostal veins
62
what drains to the internal thoracic veins
anterior intercostals vein
63
what drains to azygos and hemiazygos vein
posterior intercostals vein
64
what is between the visceral and parietal layers
serous fluid
65
which pleura attaches to the lung
visceral pleura
66
which pleura attaches to the thoracic wall
parietal pleura
67
what meets at the hilum
parietal and visceral pleura
68
which artery carries blood to the lungs and branches to lobar arteries
pulmonary artery
69
the importance of pulmonary veins
right and left superior and inferior pulmonary veins return blood to the heart
70
bronchial arteries supply to
-lungs, tissue of lungs and visceral pleura -branches of the aorta
71
what is located posterior to carina and is the main innervation to the lung
posterior pulmonary plexus
72
open pneumothorax
punctured hole or the rib heart is able to shift L/R
73
Tension pneumothorax
punctured hole of the rib but air is not getting out - the heart is on one side
74
Closed pneumothorax
visceral pleura tear - no hole but it heals by itself

701 Anatomy (18 decks)

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