Population Flashcards
(47 cards)
What is exponential growth?
a pattern where the growth rate constantly increases
What is a ‘J’ curve?
continued exponential growth
What is a ‘S’ curve?
slowing down of growth in the future
Physical factors affecting distribution of population? (6)
- relief
- climate
- quality of soil
- vegetation
- accessibility
- natural resources
Human factors affecting population? (3)
- economic (jobs)
- Social (housing, healthcare, education, water)
- Political (stability, corruption)
Define ‘birth rate’
the number of live births per 1000 of the population per year e.g. Afghanistan 46.2// UK 10.7
Define ‘death rate’
the number of deaths per 1000 of the population per year e.g. Afghanistan 20// UK 10.1
Define ‘natural change’
the difference between BR and DR e.g. UK slow natural increase
Define ‘life expectancy’
the age to which you are expected to live e.g UK 81: male 79// female 83
Define ‘infant mortality’
the number of children who die before their first birthday e.g. Afghanistan 150 per 1000// UK 5 per 1000
What is the DTM?
The Demographic Transition Model:
- helps show changes in population sizes
- can be useful to predict changes in population for future needs
What are the limitations of the DTM?
- falling death rates in MEDC’s were due to medical discoveries and LEDC’s didn’t have these
- government policies may distort e.g. OCP
- based on progress in MEDC’s and LEDC’s may not follow this path
What are the 4 factors affecting population growth?
- Agricultural change
- Urbanisation
- Education
- Improving status of women
How does ‘agricultural change’ affect population growth?
- technology that improves yields, saves labour and leads to rapid economic growth =smaller families desirable
- industrial revolution required more workers= larger families desirable
How does ‘urbanisation’ affect population growth?
-cities have higher employment rates and so child labour is of less value in cities than rural
How does ‘education’ affect population growth?
- standard of living improves which makes it desirable to have less children
- fewer children means more money and time concentrated on them which gives them better chances
- children are economic disadvantages
How does ‘improving status of women’ affect population growth?
- 1/5th working women do not have children
- direct correlation between a women’s level of education and number of children she has (negative)
- good standard of living requires 2 incomes
- equality in the workplace improved
What are the characteristics of Stage 1 of a population pyramid? e.g. Amerindians
HIGH FLUCTUATING:
- very low life expectancy
- very high BR
- very high DR
What are the characteristics of Stage 2 of a population pyramid? e.g. Afghanistan
EARLY EXPANDING:
- high BR
- high DR
- low life expectancy
- high population growth rate
What are the characteristics of Stage 3 of a population pyramid? e.g. Brazil
LATE EXPANDING:
- lowering BR
- lowering DR
- higher life expectancy
What are the characteristics of Stage 4 of a population pyramid? e.g. USA
LOW FLUCTUATING:
- low BR
- low DR
- high life expectancy
What are the characteristics of Stage 5 of a population pyramid? e.g. Germany
NATURAL DECREASE:
- low infant mortality
- shrinking population
- very high life expectancy
- very low BR
Define ‘sustainability’
meeting the needs of of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet thier needs
What are some social impacts of rapid population growth?
- lack of services(healthcare and education)
- lack of food and water
- increase in health problems
