Posterior Shoulder

Question 1

scapula overlies which ribs

Answer 1

2nd-7th ribs

Question 2

how many muscles attach to the scapula

Answer 2

16

Question 3

where does the scapula articulate

Answer 3

clavicle at acromion and head of the humerus

Question 4

head of humerus articulates with

Answer 4

glenoid cavity of the scapula

Question 5

common site of humeral fractures

Answer 5

surgical neck

Question 6

abduction of the arm above the head requires ____ rotation of the scapula

Answer 6

lateral

Question 7

structures and function

Answer 7

serrates anterior muscle (boxers muscle)

stabilizes the scapula, laterally rotates the scapula, and protracts the scapula

Question 8

innervation of serrates anterior muscle

Answer 8

long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

Question 9

damage to the long thoracic nerve can render the serrates anterior weakend/paralyzed resulting in

Answer 9

winging of the scapula

Question 10

superficial posterior shoulder muscles

Answer 10

trapezius and latissimus dorsi

Question 11

deep posterior shoulder muscles

Answer 11

levator scapula rhomboids (major and minor)

Question 12

scapulohumeral muscles

Answer 12

• deltoid - teres major - supraspinatus - infraspinatus - subscapularis - teres minor

Question 13

function of scapulohumeral muscles

Answer 13

move the shoulder joint/arm and help stabilize the head of the humerus within the shallow glenoid cavity

Question 14

innervation of deltoid

Answer 14

axillary nerve C5 and C6

Question 15

axillary nerve can be injured in _________ of humerus

Answer 15

surgical neck fractures

Question 16

muscles of the rotator cuff

Answer 16

supraspinatus infraspinaturs teres minor (small t) subscapularis “SItS”

Question 17

most commonly inflamed tendon of the rotator cuff

Answer 17

supraspinatus due to its passage through the small subacromial space

Question 18

fractures of the proximal humerus (surgical neck) can damage the ______ resulting in deltoid paralysis/weakness

Answer 18

axillary nerve

Question 19

deep posterior shoulder muscles

Answer 19

levator scapula rhomboids (major and minor)

Question 20

deep shoulder posterior muscles are innervated by the

Answer 20

dorsal scapular nerve C5 (some from C4)

Question 21

scapulothoracic joint

Answer 21

concept of scapula sliding along thoracic wall to abduct and adduct the humerus

Question 22

abduction of the arm above the head requires ____ rotation of the scapula

Answer 22

lateral

Question 23

large triangular shaped muscle that forms the rounded contour of the sholder

Answer 23

deltoid

Question 24

principal abductor of the arm

Answer 24

deltoid

Question 25

first 15 degrees of abduction of the humerus

Answer 25

supraspinatus muscle

Question 26

axillary nerve has a small branch that supplies sensation to the

Answer 26

lateral shoulder skin area

Question 27

thick, round muscle located on the inferolateral aspect of the scapula

Answer 27

teres major

Question 28

motion of teres major

Answer 28

adducts, extends and medially (internally) rotates the arm (same as lats)

Question 29

innervation of teres major

Answer 29

lower sub scapular nerve (originates from c5 and c6)

Question 30

supraspinatus and infraspinatus innervated by

Answer 30

suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)

Question 31

teres minor innervation

Answer 31

axillary nerve

Question 32

subscapularis innervation

Answer 32

upper and lower sub scapular nerves (C5 and C6)

Question 33

subacromial bursa

Answer 33

synovial fluid sacks that help reduce friction between muscles/bones and allows the supraspinatus tendon to glide smoothly beneath the acromion during shoulder movements

Question 34

subacromial space is small so prone to

Answer 34

shoulder bursitis or subacromial bursitis, inflammation of the bursa often from overuse, results in pain as the bursa get impinged during abduction

Question 35

rotator cuff tendonitis

Answer 35

repetitive movements cause inflammation of the supraspinaturs (most commonly told) or in rotator cuff

Question 36

passageways that allow neuromuscular structures to traverse between anterior and posterior scapular/arm regions

Answer 36

supra scapular notch triangular space quadrangular space triangular interval

Question 37

quadrangular space boundaries

Answer 37

teres major teres minor both heads of the triceps surgical neck of the humerus

Question 38

what nerve is housed in the quadrangular space?

Answer 38

axillary nerve

Question 39

what nerve is housed in the suprascapular notch?

Answer 39

supra scapular nerve passes through this foramen and innervates the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles

Question 40

spans the roof of the suprascapular notch forming a foramen

Answer 40

superior transverse scapular ligament

Question 41

label and nerve innervation?

Answer 41

A = traps - CN XI B = erector spinae C= latissimus = thoracolumber C6,C7,C8

Question 42

which muscle laterally rotates the scapula?

Answer 42

serratus anterior

Question 43

which muscles produce external lateral rotation of the shoulder?

Answer 43

infraspinatus and teres minor

Question 44

which artery traverses the surgical neck of the humerus?

Answer 44

posterior humeral circumflex

Question 45

innervation of rhomboids

Answer 45

dorsoscapular nerve