Posterior Triangle

Question 1

How many posterior triangles? borders?

Answer 1

2; anterior border of trapezius to posterior border of SCM

Question 2

How many anterior triangles? borders?

Answer 2

2; spands from midline to SCM

Question 3

what is another name for shallowest deep cervical fascia?

Answer 3

investing fascia

Question 4

investing fascia envelopes? is a continuous sheet that encapsulates?

Answer 4

• envelopes the SCM and trapezius muscles

* Continuous sheet encapsulating the neck

Question 5

what is the superior and inferior border of investing fascia?

Answer 5

• *Superior: Inferior border of the mandible, inferior border of zygomatic bone, mastoid process, ligamentum nuchae, and external occipital protuberance.
• *Inferior: sternum, clavicle, acromion, scapular spine

Question 6

ALL OF THE FASCIA LAYERS ARE HELPING TO LIMIT THE SPREAD OF??

Answer 6

INFECTION; DO NOT ALLOW INFECTION TO TRAVEL DEEP

Question 7

What are the muscular contents of posterior triangle?

Answer 7

1) Semispinalis capitis
2) Splenius capitis
3) Levator scapulae
4) Scalenes
5) Inferior belly of omohyoid

Question 8

ansa cervicalis is part of?

Answer 8

cervical plexus

Question 9

Hyoid bone influences the?

Answer 9

larynx

Question 10

larynx is important for?

Answer 10

1) swallowing
2) talking
3) breathing
* depresses larynx to help change the air way, vocal cords, and swallowing

Question 11

How is it possible to have superior and inferior omohyoid muscle?

Answer 11

There is a tendon deep to SCM that acts as a pulley, which allows this muscle to change direction and run superiority

Question 12

what is the deepest layer of deep

cervical fascia?

Answer 12

prevertebral layer

Question 13

2nd layer of Deep Cervical fascia (aka 3rd layer out of 4) is only found in?

Answer 13

found ONLY in anterior triangle

Question 14

What layer is the prevertebral layer?

Answer 14

3rd* Deep Cervical fascial layer OR 4th layer overall

Question 15

the prevertebral layer encloses?

Answer 15

scalenes, vertebral column, and associated muscles

Question 16

the prevertebral layer extends laterally as the?

Answer 16

axillary sheath

Question 17

blood supply to posterior triangle comes off the?

Answer 17

subclavian artery

Question 18

Subclavian eventually turns into? where

Answer 18

Axillary artery at the lateral border of the first rib

Question 19

3 major branches off proximal subclavian

Answer 19

• Vertebral a.
• Internal thoracic a.
• Thyrocervical trunk

Question 20

Branches of subclavian; split into ______ and _____ portions

Answer 20

split into proximal and distal portions

*divided by the anterior scalene muscle

Question 21

What divides the proximal and distal portions of subclavian?

Answer 21

anterior scalene muscle
*everything proximal to anterior scalene is
the proximal part aka first part of subclavian; had 3 branches

Question 22

describe path of vertebral artery

Answer 22

typically first branch off the proximal subclavian artery. Path:

1) artery skips over transverse process of C7
2) then enters the transverse foramina of C6
3) courses medically through this triangle and then enters into foramen magnum
4) goes to brain and forms the posterior portion of the circle of willis

Question 23

What is the Area of potential compression of vertebral arteries

Answer 23

Suboccipital Triangle, as the artery courses over the posterior arch of C1 to enter foramen magnum (Between C1 and cranium)
seeing spots

Question 24

Blood supply to root of neck and thorax (chest plate/intercostals/breast/overlying tissue)?

Answer 24

Internal Thoracic

Question 25

Vertebral artery supplies what with blood?

Answer 25

Brain via Circle of Willis

Question 26

What is the second branch of proximal subclavian?

Answer 26

Internal thoracic

Question 27

Internal Thoracic supplies blood to?

Answer 27

root of neck and thorax (chest plate/intercostals/breast/overlying tissue)

Question 28

Thyrocervical Trunk supplies blood to?

Answer 28

viscera and muscles of the anterior triangle, deep neck muscles, superficial neck/back muscles, rotator cuff muscles, and shoulder joint

Question 29

What is the 3rd branch off proximal subclavian

Answer 29

Thyrocervical Trunk

Question 30

Ascending cervical A is blood supply to?

Answer 30

anterior muscles around vertebra

Question 31

Transverse cervical a. is blood supply to?

Answer 31

Courses posteriorly; gives BS to the trapezius

Question 32

Suprascapular a. is blood supply to?

Answer 32

Courses back over scapula

Question 33

Inferior thyroid a. blood supply to?

Answer 33

Major branch that continues to the thyroid

Question 34

Thyrocervical Trunk has how many branches? what are they?

Answer 34

1) Suprascapular a. 2) Transverse cervical a. 3) Ascending cervical a. 4) Inferior thyroid a.

Question 35

Proximal to anterior scalene muscle = | Distal to anterior scalene =

Answer 35

``` Prox= Proximal (1st part) Subclavian a. Dist = Distal (2nd and 3rd parts) Subclavian a. ```

Question 36

The 2nd and 3rd segments of subclavian have how many branches?

Answer 36

1 branch each – costocervical trunk (2nd part) and dorsal scapular a. (3rd part)

Question 37

costocervical trunk supplies blood to?

Answer 37

2nd segment of subclavian | *BS to deep neck muscles and 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces

Question 38

dorsal scapular a. supplies blood to?

Answer 38

3rd segment of subclavian | *BS to Rhomboids and levator scapulae (extrinsic back muscles)`

Question 39

In the posterior triangle there are how many branches of the subclavian artery total?

Answer 39

5

Question 40

dorsal scapular a. may be the 3rd segment of subclavian OR...?

Answer 40

deep branch of transverse cervical a.

Question 41

External jugular vein vein drains?

Answer 41

Drains superficial face

Question 42

External jugular vein meets up with _____ and together drains into ______?

Answer 42

Meets up with transverse cervical vein and come together to drain into subclavian vein

Question 43

Transverse cervical vein drains?

Answer 43

all posterior back