Posterior Triangle; Root of neck

Question 1

Identify

Answer 1

Mastoid process

Question 2

Identify

Answer 2

Styloid process

Question 3

What bone lies anterior in the neck and is suspended

Answer 3

Hyoid bone

Question 4

Identify

Answer 4

Platysma

Question 5

origin and insertion of platysma

Answer 5

O: Inferior border of mandible

I: Deltopectoral fascia

Question 6

Innervation and action of platysma

Answer 6

N: Facial Nerve (CN VII)

A: Draws skin of neck superiorly and corners of mouth inferiorly

Question 7

Identify

Answer 7

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 8

Origin and insertion of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 8

O: Manubrium & Medial 1/3 of clavicle

I: Mastoid process

Question 9

Innervation and action of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 9

N: spinal accessory n (CN XI)

A: Unilateral: lateral flexion; contralateral rotation

Bilat: Inferior flexion & Superior extension

Question 10

Borders of anterior triangle of neck

Answer 10

• anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
• inferior border of mandible
• anterior midline of neck

Question 11

Borders of posterior triangle of neck

Answer 11

• posterior border of sternocleidomastoid
• anterior border of trapezius
• middle 1/3 of clavicle

Question 12

Name the origin and insertion of the scalene muscles

Answer 12

O: Cervical transverse processes

I: anterior & middle: 1st rib

Posterior: 2nd rib

Question 13

What artery and plexus runs through the interscalene triangle

Answer 13

subclavian artery

Brachial plexus

Question 14

Identify red and green

Answer 14

red: longus capitis
green: Longus coli

Question 15

Origin and insertion of longus colli

Answer 15

O: upper thoracic and lower cervical vertebral bodies and middle cervical transverse processes

I: upper cervical vertebral bodies

Question 16

Origin and insertion of longus capitis

Answer 16

O: middle cervical transverse processes

I: occipital

Question 17

Innervation of longus colli and longus capitis

Answer 17

cervical anterior rami

Question 18

action of longus colli and longus capitis

Answer 18

a: both: flex neck
capitis: flex atlanto-occipital joint

Question 19

identify and “a” and black arrow

Answer 19

a: common carotid

black arrow: subclavian artery

Question 20

Identify the blue and red arrow

Answer 20

blue: thyrocervical trunk
red: internal thoracic a.

Question 21

Yellow and green arrow

Answer 21

yellow: vertebral a.
green: costocervical trunk

Question 22

Name the three arteries coming off of the thyrocervical trunk

Answer 22

• suprascapular
• transverse cervical
• inferior thyroid

Question 23

What makes up the venous angle

Answer 23

• subclavian vein (I;C)
• internal jugular vein (A;B)
• brachiocephalic vein (G;D)

Question 24

Identify lymphatics at venous angle (a and e)

Answer 24

a: right lympathic duct
e: thoracic duct

Question 25

Where does the right recurrent laryngeal artery run?

Answer 25

from the vagus nerve under the right subclavian artery

Question 26

identify

Answer 26

cervical sympathetic trunk

Question 27

Identify

Answer 27

phrenic nerve * lies on the anterior scalene muscle

Question 28

identify

Answer 28

vagus nerve (CN X)

Question 29

1/100 people have rib development of the 7th cervical vertebrae. What is a possible complication?

Answer 29

cervical rib in the interscalene triangle can compress subclavian artery and inferior trunk of brachial plexus

Question 30

Name the 4 muscles of the posterior triangle

Answer 30

splenius capitis levator scapulae scalenes inferior belly of omohyoid

Question 31

What arteries can you expect to find in the posterior triangle

Answer 31

* transverse cervical a. * suprascapular s. * Distal subclavian a. * dorsal scapular a.

Question 32

Identify all arrows

Answer 32

black: external jugular vein red: posterior auricular vein green: posterior division of the retromandibular vein \*drains into subclavian

Question 33

What lymph nodes run along the external jugular vein

Answer 33

superficial cervical lymph nodes

Question 34

Nerves from the cervical plexus (C1-C4 anterior rami) that pass through the posterior triangle. What innervation do they bring?

Answer 34

sensory (cutaneous innervation)

Question 35

Name the cervical plecus nerves of the posterior triangle that arise from the nerve point of the neck

Answer 35

* lesser occipital * great auricular * transverse cervical * supraclavicular

Question 36

The nerve point of the neck arises through what muscle

Answer 36

sternocleidomastoid

Question 37

What CN passes through the posterior triangle of the neck

Answer 37

spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)