Postural Deviations

Question 1

What is posture?

Answer 1

Relative arrangement of body parts for a specific activity

Question 2

What is Wolff’s law?

Answer 2

The internal structure and external shape of bones are affected by the stresses applied to them

Question 3

What are the posterior screen evaluation landmarks?

Answer 3

Anterior to the lateral malleolus of the ankle
Lateral epicondyle of the femur
Greater trochanter of the femur
Greater trochanter of the humerus
Ear lobe

Question 4

What are the levels of deviation?

Answer 4

Mild- less than 1/2 square

Moderate- .5 square = full square

Question 5

What is forward head?
What type of postural deviation?
What are the muscles involved?
What exercise treatment?

Answer 5

Abnormal anterior placement of the head
Anterior/ posterior
Tight cervical flexors and weak cervical extensors
Mfe cervical flexors, mre cervical extension, head/neck press

Question 6

What is forward shoulders?
Type of deviation?
Muscles involved?
Exercise treatment?

Answer 6

Shoulders are pulled forward off the midline position
Anterior/ posterior
Tight gh horizontal flexors; weak gh horizontal extensors
Mfe gh horizontal flexors, mre horizontal extensors; shoulder girdle crunch

Question 7

Kyphosis

Answer 7

Excessive curvature of the thoracic vertebra
Tight gh horizontal flexors, weak gh horizontal extensors
Shoulder girdle crunch

Question 8

Lordosis

Answer 8

Excessive curvature of the lumbar region
Tight back extensors and hip flexors
Weak abdominals and hip extensors

Question 9

Abdominal ptosis

Answer 9

Abdominal area extends forward beyond the ribcage
Tight back extensors, weak abdominals
Situps, child’s pose

Question 10

Hyperextended knees

Answer 10

Knees are extended beyond normal alignment
Tight knee extensors
Weak knee flexors

Question 11

Winged scapula

Answer 11

Abnormal projection of one or both scapula
Weak serratus anterior and trapezius
Mre gh abduction

Question 12

Supinated feet

Answer 12

Ankles roll out and forepart of foot turns in
Tight invertors and weak evertors
Ankle machine eversion

Question 13

Pronated feet

Answer 13

Ankles roll in and fore part of the foot turns out
Tight evertors weak invertors
Ankle machine inversion

Question 14

Bow legs

Answer 14

Lateral curvature of the legs
Tight abductors, Weak adductors
Swiss ball leg squeeze

Question 15

Knock knees

Answer 15

Medial displacement of the knees
Tight adductors, weak abductors
Clamshells

Question 16

Posture evaluations

Answer 16

Posture screen, adam’s test, cobb’s angle

Question 17

What is scoliosis?

Answer 17

Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine greater than or equal to 10 degrees

Question 18

Explain 2 general types of scoliosis

Answer 18

Functional- a structurally normal spine that appears to have structural curve due to muscle imbalance
Structural- a fixed lateral curve of the spine

Question 19

How do you diagnose scoliosis?

Answer 19

Xray most accurate
Cobb angle
Adam’s test

Question 20

In Adam’s test what is sign of functional scoliosis?

Answer 20

Elevation on concave side

Question 21

In Adam’s test what is a sign of structural scoliosis?

Answer 21

Elevation on convex side