PP2 - Female Reproductive Organs (REDONE) Flashcards
(50 cards)
what is the origin of the uterine arteries?
anterior division of internal iliac artery
uterine artery originates from WHAT division of WHAT iliac artery?
ANTERIOR division of INTERNAL iliac artery
the uterine artery travels along the base of the broad ligament and WHAT (SUPERIOR/INFERIOR) to the ureter
uterine artery travels SUPERIOR to the ureter
what artery does (the ascending branch of) the uterine artery anastomose with?
ovarian artery
what artery does the descending branch of the uterine artery anastomose with?
vaginal artery
describe the origin, course and branching of the uterine artery (+ anastomoses)
origin - anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery
- travels along broad ligament of uterus, superior to ureter
branches:
- ascending branch = supplies lateral sides of uterus, anastomoses with OVARIAN ARTERY
- descending branch = supplies cervix & upper vagina; anastomoses with VAGINAL ARTERY
- gives off arcuate arterioles & terminal helicine arterioles = supply uterus
what happens to the uterine artery during a hysterectomy?
ligated/ cauterised to control bleeding as uterus is removed
which artery is ligated/ cauterised during a hysterectomy to control bleeding?
A: ovarian artery
B: vaginal artery
C: cervical artery
D: uterine artery
D: uterine artery
what happens to the uterine artery during pregnancy?
significantly enlarges - to meet the increased blood supply demands of the uterus
what is the origin of the ovarian artery? at what level?
branches directly off abdominal aorta (L1-2)
through which ligament does the ovarian artery and vein run through within the pelvis?
A: ligament of ovary
B: suspensory ligament of ovary
C: mesosalpinx
D: mesovarium
B: suspensory ligament of ovary
at what structure does the ovarian artery split into branches to supply to ovary & uterine tubes?
A: ligament of ovary
B: suspensory ligament of ovary
C: mesosalpinx
D: mesovarium
D: mesovarium
what artery does the ovarian artery anastomose with at the lateral sides of the uterus?
uterine artery
the left & right ovarian veins drain differently - how?
left ovarian vein - into left renal vein
right ovarian vein - into IVC
the vaginal artery is the homologue to WHICH artery in males
inferior vesical artery in males
what is the origin of the pudendal artery?
anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery
course of the pudendal neurovascular bundle - fill in the gaps:
the pudendal artery arises from 1)WHAT trunk of 2)WHAT artery.
it runs with the internal pudendal vein and 3)WHAT nerve.
this neurovascular bundle runs through the 4)WHAT sciatic notch, inferior to 5)WHAT muscle.
then, it runs lateral to 6)WHAT spine and through 7)WHAT sciatic foramen to enter the perineum - then it enters 8)WHAT
1) anterior trunk
2) internal iliac artery
3) pudendal nerve
4) greater sciatic notch
5) piriformis muscle
6) ischial spine
7) lesser sciatic foramen
8) Alcock’s canal
once the pudendal neurovascular bundle enters the greater sciatic notch, what MUSCLE does it run inferior to?
piriformis muscle
once the pudendal neurovascular bundle enters the perineum, what structure does it enter for the internal pudendal artery to start branching?
Alcock’s canal
what are the branches of the internal pudendal artery?
inferior rectal artery
deep artery to clitoris
dorsal artery (+ nerve) to clitoris
perineal artery (in superficial perineal pouch)
what nerve is targeted in a pudendal nerve block during childbirth? what dermatomes does it cover?
pudendal nerve (dermatomes S2-4)
where is the pudendal nerve accessed for a nerve block in childbirth?
near the ischial spine as the pudendal nerve runs close - located by palpation, anaesthetic is injected locally
what does a pudendal nerve block do during childbirth?
numbs the perineum, doesn’t affect uterine contractions
what is the difference between a midline and mediolateral episiotomy?
midline - straight incision from the fourchette through the perineal body
mediolateral - angles 45-60 degrees to avoid the anal sphincter
