UL1- Osteology of the shoulder, arm & elbow Flashcards
(55 cards)
two important functions of the clavicle?
- transfers weight to the axial skeleton as the only connection between UL & axial skeleton
- allows for greater mobility of the UL by acting as a strut
articulations forming the sternoclavicular joint?
sternal/medial end of the scapula & sternum
articulations forming the acromioclavicular joint? what type of joint?
lateral/ acromial end of the clavicle & acromion process of the scapula - plane-type synovial joint
significance of the subclavian groove?
where the subclavian muscle sits
significance of the conoid tubercule?
where the conoid ligament inserts itself onto inferior aspect of clavicle
significance of the trapezoid line?
where the trapezoid ligament inserts itself onto inferior aspect of clavicle
what forms the coracoclavicular ligament?
conoid and trapezoid ligaments together - pass from the coracoid process & come together
what ribs does the scapula cover in its resting anatomical position?
ribs 2-7 (lies on posterior thoracic wall)
what surface features can be found on the inferior surface of the clavicle? (from most medial to lateral)
subclavian groove, conoid tubercle and trapezoid line
what joint does the glenoid cavity articulating with the head of the humerus form?
glenohumeral/ shoulder joint
three main fossae of the scapula?
supraspinous
infraspinous
subscapular
what muscle does the supraspinous fossa give rise to? origin, insertion, action & innervation of this muscle?
supraspinatus muscle
- origin: supraspinous fossa
- insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
- action: lateral rotation of shoulder & initiates first 15 degrees of shoulder abduction
- innervation: suprascapular nerve
which scapula fossa gives rise to the subscapularis muscle? origin, insertion, action & innervation of this muscle?
- origin: subscapular fossa (gives rise to subscapularis)
- insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus
- action: medial rotation of shoulder
- innervation: subscapular nerve
what muscle does the infraspinous muscle give rise to? origin, insertion, action & innervation of this muscle?
infraspinatus muscle
- origin: infraspinous fossa
- insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
- action: lateral rotation of shoulder
- innervation: suprascapular nerve
three main fossa of the scapula - what muscle do they each give rise to?
supraspinous fossa –> supraspinatus
infraspinous fossa –> infraspinatus
subscapular fossa –> subscapularis
why is the clavicle a common fracture site?
the clavicle transfers weight from the upper limb to the axial skeleton - prone to fracture
what are the two necks of the humerus, and how are they different?
anatomical neck - lies between the head of the humerus and the tubercles
surgical neck - lies below the tubercles where the humerus narrows
why is the surgical neck of the humerus clinically significant?
common fracture site - can damage the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery
which rotator cuff muscles insert onto the greater tubercle of the humerus?
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
which rotator cuff muscle inserts onto the lesser tubercle of the humerus?
subscapularis
function of the intertubercular sulcus? what structure runs through it?
groove between the greater & lesser tubercles of the humerus - long head of the biceps brachii tendon runs through it
course of the long head of the biceps brachii tendon: runs through A) WHAT sulcus - through B) WHAT joint capsule - attaches into the C) WHAT of the scapula
A) intertubercular sulcus
B) glenohumeral
C) supraglenoid tubercle
role of the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus?
deltoid muscle runs down and inserts here (on lateral surface)
what structures are associated with the radial (spiral) groove of the humerus?
radial nerve
profunda brachii artery
