Practicals Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is the difference between the action of the three fibers of the Trapezius?
Upper fibers: elevate the scapula.
Middle fibers: retract the scapula.
Lower fibers: depress the scapula.
Which fibers of the trapezius are responsible for moving the arm above the head?
The upper and lower fibers
What are the muscles responsible for moving the arm above the head?
1- supraspinatus muscle => 15 - 30 digress.
2- middle fibers of deltoid => up to 90 degrees.
3- trapezius assessed by serratus anterior => rotate the scapula on the thoracic wall.
Inability to comb ( brush ) the hair can result from.
Injury to the spinal accessory nerve
What is a cervical rib?
A congenital abnormality where there is an additional rib close to the 1st rib.
Why does a thyroid swelling move upward during swallowing?
The outer layer is continuous with the pretracheal fascia.
The superior thyroid artery is closely related to.
The external laryngeal nerve
The inferior thyroid artery is closely related to.
The recurrent laryngeal nerve
Define the muscular and bony boundaries of the posterior triangle of the neck?
Anteriorly: posterior border of the SCM.
Posteriorly: anterior border of the trapezius.
Inferiorly: medial third of the clavicle.
The action of attempting to exhale with the nostrils and mouth.
Valsava’s maneuver ( to visualize the EJV )
One of the following muscles loose its elasticity in elderly:
- SCM
- Trapezius
- Anterior belly of digastric
- Platysma
Platysma
What are the infrahyoid muscles?
Sternohyoid + Thyrohyoid + Omohyoid (superior and inferior bellies)
What is the nerve supply of the infrahyoid muscles?
The ansa cervicalis
Lies superficial to the IJV in the carotid triangle.
Ansa cervicalis
Arises from the external carotid artery and supply the thyroid gland.
The superior thyroid artery
A branch of the thyrocervical trunk.
The inferior thyroid artery
All the muscles of the pharynx are supplied by the pharyngeal plexus, except the stylopharyngeus which is supplied by.
The glossopharyngeal nerve
The pons, medulla oblongata and cerebellum are derived from.
Rhombencephalon
The basal ganglia are divided by the internal capsule into.
1- caudate nucleus.
2- lentiform nucleus (globus pallidus + putamen).
The corpus striatum consist of.
caudate nucleus + lentiform nucleus
Lentiform nucleus consist of.
Putamen + globus pallidus
What are the two fissures that divide the cerebellum into three lobes?
Primary fissure + posterolateral fissure
What are the three lobes of the cerebellum?
Primary - Middle (posterior) - Flocculonodular
What are the three layers of the cerebellar cortex?
1- molecular layer.
2- Purkinje cell layer.
3- granular layer.
