Practice Exam

Question 1

T or F neurlation happens Shortly after gasturaltion

Answer 1

True

Question 2

T or F in the second trimester the production of estrogen and progesterone is taken over by the Corpus lutem

Answer 2

False

Question 3

T or F a neuron has a net positive charge on its outside and a net negative charge inside

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The charge of a neuron is a result of the diffusion of ions across the membrane

Answer 4

False

Question 5

T or F The net result of the sodium potassium pump is that there are more k+ ions and less Na+ ions inside the neuron as compared to outside the cell

Answer 5

True

Question 6

T or F simply put, an action potential can be viewed as a reversal of charges

Answer 6

True

Question 7

T or F the spinal cord communicates information between the peripheral nervous systems

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Describe the endocrine system

Answer 8

The endocrine system works in parallel with the nervous system to maintain homeostasis

Question 9

What are target cells witg respect to the endocrine system

Answer 9

They are cells that have the required receptor sites for the hormones released

Question 10

What is true of nonsteriod hormones

Answer 10

They are protein based and cannot cross cell membranes directly

Question 11

What are prostaglandins

Answer 11

They are hormone like substances that can influence nearby cells

Question 12

Ehixh two endocrine glands determine how much thyroxine is related into the blood

Answer 12

Hypothalamus and pituitary

Question 13

What is the function of antidiuretic hormone, or ADH

Answer 13

It regulates the osmotic pressure of the body fluids by targeting the kidneys to increase water reabsorption

Question 14

What hormone is related by the thyroid when there is to much calcium in the blood

Answer 14

Calcitonin

Question 15

Identify the incorrect statement regarding the hypothalamus

Answer 15

The hypothalamus directly controls both lobes of the pineal gland

Question 16

Identify the correct statement below regarding the pituitary gland

Answer 16

This “master gland” secretes nine hormones that directly regulate many body functions

Question 17

Which hormone may affect skin pigmentation, regulate sleep/awake patterns, and prevent jet lag

Answer 17

Melatonin

Question 18

Which hormone causes sexual development and growth spurts as well as maintains proper functioning of male reproductive system

Answer 18

Testosterone

Question 19

Where does fertilization occur within. The human female body

Answer 19

Oviduct

Question 20

What is the acrosome part of the male human sperm

Answer 20

It is a packet of digestive enzymes near the sperms head that enables the sperm to dissolve through the outer layer of the ovum

Question 21

What is the zona pellucida

Answer 21

The outer layer of the unfertilized egg

Question 22

What must occur before before the outer layer of the ovum hardens thereby preventing more than one sperm nucleus from fusing wirh that of an egg

Answer 22

Fertilization

Question 23

What is another way of describing the process of cleavge

Answer 23

Mitotic division

Question 24

How long does it take the zygote to travel the 5-10cm distance down the fallopian

Answer 24

3-4 days

Question 25

What is the zygote known as at the 64 cell stage

Answer 25

Morula

Question 26

Which zygotic stage implants itself into the wall of the uterus

Answer 26

Blastocyst

Question 27

Which statement below is true of the blastocyst

Answer 27

After implantation has occurred, genes are activated which result in the blastocyst beginning to differentitate its cells

Question 28

What is the placenta

Answer 28

The connection between the developing embryo and the mother

Question 29

Of the three German layers, which one goes on to form the dermis, the skeleton and most of the internal organs

Answer 29

Mesoderm

Question 30

Which embryonic state becomes the brain and spinal cord

Answer 30

Neural tube

Question 31

What substance does the newly implanted blastocyst manufacture so that the Corpus luteus does not break down 10 days or so after ovulation

Answer 31

Human chorionic gonadotropin hormone

Question 32

What is another term that means pregnancy

Answer 32

Gestation

Question 33

Identify the incorrect statement below concerning the function of the placenta

Answer 33

The placenta is the embryos organ of nourishment and excretion only

Question 34

When does an embryo become a fetus

Answer 34

8-9 weeks old

Question 35

Ehich statmenr betllw is true of a beginning human fetus

Answer 35

All of the adult features are present

Question 36

Whixh event occurs first within the 2nd trimester of pregnancy

Answer 36

The fetus moves arounf alot

Question 37

What is another term for childbirth

Answer 37

Parturition

Question 38

What are the 3 stages of labour in order

Answer 38

Dilation of the cervix Deliver of baby Delivery of placenta

Question 39

What is the most important hormone during labor

Answer 39

Oxytocin

Question 40

Labor hormones from the mothwes and fetal posterior pituitary glands brinf on strong uterine contractions the push the ftus to the cervical area. The main labor hormone also stimulates the placenta to secrete prostaglandins which futher ehnace the contractions. The stress of labor stimulates the release of even more of these labor hormones What type of mechanism is at worm

Answer 40

Positive feedback lopp

Question 41

After childbirth the mothers gormones levels change Identify the incorrect statement

Answer 41

Oxytocin initiates lactation in the mother's breasts

Question 42

Which statement best describes communication in the human nervous system

Answer 42

It repsonfs to stimuli by sending electrical impulses along neurons which in turn transmit the impulses to their target cells using chemicals called neuron transmitters

Question 43

Which statement best describes a neuron

Answer 43

It carries messaged from the brain and spinal cord to effector such as muscles or glands

Question 44

Which statment below describes a presynaptic neuron

Answer 44

It carri4s the impulse across the synapse to a receiving neuron

Question 45

What is a neurotransmitter

Answer 45

A chemical messenger released from a neuron into a synapse in order to stimulate the next neuron in its path

Question 46

What is acetylcholine

Answer 46

A common type of neurotransmitter used to open sodium gates on dendrites of a neighboring neuron

Question 47

Ehixh statmenr is not true of the sodium potassium pump along the neuron

Answer 47

It is actually a transporter protein which does not accesses cellular energy to increase or decrease its size

Question 48

What is the term that describes the minimum level of a stimulus needed to activate a neural impulse

Answer 48

Threshold

Question 49

What is the term that describes a rapid change in the membrane charge of a cell cause in part by the opening and closing of voltage sensitive gates in sodium and potassium ion channels

Answer 49

Action potential

Question 50

A nerve impulse is self propagating , what does this mean

Answer 50

At any given point on the membrane ab impulse creates another impulse at the next point along the membrane

Question 51

In the event of a threshold stimulus what happens immediately afterwards

Answer 51

Depolarization

Question 52

Whixh stament below is not true of the work of neurotransmitters

Answer 52

They bind to receptor sites on the presynaptic neuron and begin their work as repolarization occurs in the synapse

Question 53

What causes the restoration of resting potential

Answer 53

Repolarization

Question 54

Whxih of the following staments correctly describes requirements for a human nervous response to occur

Answer 54

The stimulus must be picked up by sensory affectors and the response must be carri3d out by an effector

Question 55

Whixh tissue within the nervous system supports blood vessels and contains cerebrospinal fluids to help cushion the brain and spinal cord

Answer 55

Meninges

Question 56

Which list correctly describes the meningeal layers from outermost to inner

Answer 56

Dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater

Question 57

What is meningitis

Answer 57

An inflammation of protective layers arounf the brian

Question 58

Whixh statment below is correct r3gardinf the brain

Answer 58

It coordinates homeostasis within the body

Question 59

Identify the incorrect statement concerning the brain

Answer 59

The right hemisphere is associated with logical or analytical ability and the left hemisphere with creativity

Question 60

Identify the correct stamwnt concerning white and gray matter within th3 nervous systen

Answer 60

The cerebral cortex and the center region of the spinal cord consists of gray matter

Question 61

Whixh starment below is correct with respect to the autonomic bervoys system

Answer 61

The automatic nerovus system ickudes th3 sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems working with one another

Question 62

Whixh stament below is cotr3ct with respcet to the somatic nervous system

Answer 62

The SNS regulates activités such as the movement of any of your skeletal muscles

Question 63

Which description best reflects a reflex arc or reflex response

Answer 63

Reflex responses are carried out via the spinal cord, without having to travel all the way to the brain

Question 64

Whay gene is tje mutations for cancer found on

Answer 64

P53 gene