Practice Set 2B

Question 1

Which type of bone growth occurs within mature bone and results in the bone becoming thicker?

Answer 1

Appositional growth

Question 2

Which zone of the epiphyseal plate is located the closest to the marrow cavity?

Answer 2

Zone of bone deposition

Question 3

Which of the following describes the zone of cell hypertrophy in an epiphyseal plate?

Answer 3

Chondrocytes in this zone are no longer dividing, but are enlarging; there is a thinning of lacunae walls.

Question 4

In the growth zone, which of the following describes the zone of bone deposition?

Answer 4

Walls between lacunae break down and chondrocytes die. Osteoblasts begin secreting bone matrix.

Question 5

Which type of bone growth occurs within cartilage and results in bone elongation?

Answer 5

Interstitial

Question 6

Which type of bone growth involves the deposition of new tissue at the surface?

Answer 6

Appositional

Question 7

In which zone of the epiphyseal plate are chondrocytes multiplying and aligning into longitudinal columns of flattened lacunae?

Answer 7

Zone of cell proliferation

Question 8

Which of the following describes the zone of calcification in an epiphyseal plate?

Answer 8

Minerals are deposited between the columns of lacunae.

Question 9

An increase in the length of a long bone occurs by the process of ________ growth.

Answer 9

interstitial

Question 10

Which type of bone growth occurs within mature bone and results in the bone becoming thicker?

Answer 10

Appositional growth

Question 11

Wolff’s law of bone states that the architecture of a bone is determined by which of the following?

Answer 11

Mechanical stress

Question 12

Which adult condition involves the softening of bones due to demineralization?

Answer 12

Osteomalacia

Question 13

Which zone of the epiphyseal plate is located the farthest from the marrow space?

Answer 13

Zone of reserve cartilage

Question 14

True or false: Osteoclasts are not needed for bone remodeling.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Vitamin D, also known as ______, raises the blood calcium level.

Answer 15

calcitriol

Question 16

Which hormone inhibits osteoclasts and stimulates osteoblasts to lower blood calcium levels?

Answer 16

Calcitonin

Question 16

Which hormone inhibits osteoclasts and stimulates osteoblasts to lower blood calcium levels?

Answer 16

Calcitonin

Question 16

Which hormone inhibits osteoclasts and stimulates osteoblasts to lower blood calcium levels?

Answer 16

Calcitonin

Question 17

Which hormone has a greater effect on bone growth?

Answer 17

Estrogen

Question 18

During bone remodeling, the cells that remove unnecessary bone mass are called

Answer 18

osteoclasts

Question 19

Calcitriol acts on which organs to raise blood calcium levels?

Answer 19

Kidneys

Small intestines

Bones

Question 20

What does the hormone calcitonin do?

Answer 20

Inhibits osteoclasts and stimulates osteoblasts

Question 21

A fracture caused by a tumor would be classified as a ___________ fracture.

Answer 21

pathological

Question 22

Which hormones affect bone growth and development?

Answer 22

Estrogen

Parathyroid hormone

Calcitonin

Testosterone

Question 23

True or false: A hard callus is composed of fibrocartilage.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

What is a mass of blood in the tissues called?

Answer 24

Hematoma

Question 25

A fracture in a healthy bone caused by abnormal trauma, like a fall, is classified as a _______ fracture.

Answer 25

stress

Question 26

Which tend to attain their full height earlier in life?

Answer 26

Adolescent girls

Question 27

What often causes the loss of bone mass seen in osteoporosis in older women?

Answer 27

A loss of estrogen

Question 28

During fracture healing, cartilage is deposited in granulation tissue to form which of the following?

Answer 28

A soft callus

Question 29

Identify the two terms that describe a point where two bones meet.

Answer 29

Joint Articulation

Question 30

Bleeding at the site of a bone fracture results in the formation of a fracture ________ a blood clot

Answer 30

hematoma

Question 31

A degenerative bone disease characterized by a loss of bone mass and an increased risk of fracture is called ____________.

Answer 31

osteoporosis

Question 32

What holds the bones together in a fibrous joint?

Answer 32

Hyaline cartilage

Question 33

In a symphysis, bones are held together by which of the following?

Answer 33

Fibrocartilage

Question 34

During fracture healing, cartilage is deposited in granulation tissue to form which of the following?

Answer 34

A soft callus

Question 35

A lubricating fluid that reduces friction between the bones is found in ______ joints.

Answer 35

synovial

Question 36

What is the hyaline cartilage found at the end of the bones within a synovial joint called?

Answer 36

Articular cartilage

Question 37

A movement that decreases a joint angle is called _blank​_.

Answer 37

flexion

Question 38

What is another term for a fibrous joint?

Answer 38

Synarthrosis

Question 39

Intervertebral discs comprised of fibrocartilage are found within what type of joints?

Answer 39

Symphyses

Question 40

Which joint type is most likely to develop dysfunction due to its complexity?

Answer 40

Synovial

Question 41

Which structure is indicated by the arrow labeled A in the figure of a synovial joint?

Answer 41

Articular cartilage

Question 42

What is the opposite of flexion?

Answer 42

Extension

Question 43

In a symphysis, bones are held together by which of the following?

Answer 43

Fibrocartilage

Question 44

Which two characteristics describe adduction?

Answer 44

A movement along the frontal plane A movement towards the midline of the body

Question 45

Because of its depth, which joint is a very stable ball-and-socket joint?

Answer 45

Hip joint

Question 46

Which movement straightens a joint, returning it to zero position?

Answer 46

Extension

Question 47

The patellofemoral joint is an example of which class of synovial joint?

Answer 47

Gliding

Question 48

Where is the coxal joint located?

Answer 48

Hip

Question 49

True or false: The patella articulates with the femur.

Answer 49

True