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PSIO 201 > Practice Set 2B > Flashcards

Practice Set 2B Flashcards

1
Q

Which type of bone growth occurs within mature bone and results in the bone becoming thicker?

A

Appositional growth

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2
Q

Which zone of the epiphyseal plate is located the closest to the marrow cavity?

A

Zone of bone deposition

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3
Q

Which of the following describes the zone of cell hypertrophy in an epiphyseal plate?

A

Chondrocytes in this zone are no longer dividing, but are enlarging; there is a thinning of lacunae walls.

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4
Q

In the growth zone, which of the following describes the zone of bone deposition?

A

Walls between lacunae break down and chondrocytes die. Osteoblasts begin secreting bone matrix.

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5
Q

Which type of bone growth occurs within cartilage and results in bone elongation?

A

Interstitial

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6
Q

Which type of bone growth involves the deposition of new tissue at the surface?

A

Appositional

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7
Q

In which zone of the epiphyseal plate are chondrocytes multiplying and aligning into longitudinal columns of flattened lacunae?

A

Zone of cell proliferation

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8
Q

Which of the following describes the zone of calcification in an epiphyseal plate?

A

Minerals are deposited between the columns of lacunae.

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9
Q

An increase in the length of a long bone occurs by the process of ________ growth.

A

interstitial

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10
Q

Which type of bone growth occurs within mature bone and results in the bone becoming thicker?

A

Appositional growth

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11
Q

Wolff’s law of bone states that the architecture of a bone is determined by which of the following?

A

Mechanical stress

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12
Q

Which adult condition involves the softening of bones due to demineralization?

A

Osteomalacia

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13
Q

Which zone of the epiphyseal plate is located the farthest from the marrow space?

A

Zone of reserve cartilage

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14
Q

True or false: Osteoclasts are not needed for bone remodeling.

A

False

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15
Q

Vitamin D, also known as ______, raises the blood calcium level.

A

calcitriol

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16
Q

Which hormone inhibits osteoclasts and stimulates osteoblasts to lower blood calcium levels?

A

Calcitonin

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16
Q

Which hormone inhibits osteoclasts and stimulates osteoblasts to lower blood calcium levels?

A

Calcitonin

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16
Q

Which hormone inhibits osteoclasts and stimulates osteoblasts to lower blood calcium levels?

A

Calcitonin

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17
Q

Which hormone has a greater effect on bone growth?

A

Estrogen

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18
Q

During bone remodeling, the cells that remove unnecessary bone mass are called

A

osteoclasts

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19
Q

Calcitriol acts on which organs to raise blood calcium levels?

A

Kidneys

Small intestines

Bones

20
Q

What does the hormone calcitonin do?

A

Inhibits osteoclasts and stimulates osteoblasts

21
Q

A fracture caused by a tumor would be classified as a ___________ fracture.

A

pathological

22
Q

Which hormones affect bone growth and development?

A

Estrogen

Parathyroid hormone

Calcitonin

Testosterone

23
Q

True or false: A hard callus is composed of fibrocartilage.

A

False

24
Q

What is a mass of blood in the tissues called?

A

Hematoma

25
Q

A fracture in a healthy bone caused by abnormal trauma, like a fall, is classified as a _______ fracture.

A

stress

26
Q

Which tend to attain their full height earlier in life?

A

Adolescent girls

27
Q

What often causes the loss of bone mass seen in osteoporosis in older women?

A

A loss of estrogen

28
Q

During fracture healing, cartilage is deposited in granulation tissue to form which of the following?

A

A soft callus

29
Q

Identify the two terms that describe a point where two bones meet.

A

Joint
Articulation

30
Q

Bleeding at the site of a bone fracture results in the formation of a fracture ________ a blood clot

A

hematoma

31
Q

A degenerative bone disease characterized by a loss of bone mass and an increased risk of fracture is called ____________.

A

osteoporosis

32
Q

What holds the bones together in a fibrous joint?

A

Hyaline cartilage

33
Q

In a symphysis, bones are held together by which of the following?

A

Fibrocartilage

34
Q

During fracture healing, cartilage is deposited in granulation tissue to form which of the following?

A

A soft callus

35
Q

A lubricating fluid that reduces friction between the bones is found in ______ joints.

A

synovial

36
Q

What is the hyaline cartilage found at the end of the bones within a synovial joint called?

A

Articular cartilage

37
Q

A movement that decreases a joint angle is called blank​.

A

flexion

38
Q

What is another term for a fibrous joint?

A

Synarthrosis

39
Q

Intervertebral discs comprised of fibrocartilage are found within what type of joints?

A

Symphyses

40
Q

Which joint type is most likely to develop dysfunction due to its complexity?

A

Synovial

41
Q

Which structure is indicated by the arrow labeled A in the figure of a synovial joint?

A

Articular cartilage

42
Q

What is the opposite of flexion?

A

Extension

43
Q

In a symphysis, bones are held together by which of the following?

A

Fibrocartilage

44
Q

Which two characteristics describe adduction?

A

A movement along the frontal plane

A movement towards the midline of the body

45
Q

Because of its depth, which joint is a very stable ball-and-socket joint?

A

Hip joint

46
Q

Which movement straightens a joint, returning it to zero position?

A

Extension

47
Q

The patellofemoral joint is an example of which class of synovial joint?

A

Gliding

48
Q

Where is the coxal joint located?

A

Hip

49
Q

True or false: The patella articulates with the femur.

A

True

PSIO 201 (10 decks)

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