Practice Set 2A

Question 1

What is the major producer of blood cells?

Answer 1

Red bone marrow

Question 2

Osseous tissue is a connective tissue with a hardened matrix that makes up organs called ________.

Answer 2

bones.

Question 3

Where do you find osteogenic cells?

Answer 3

Endosteum and periosteum

Question 4

True or false: The bone cells responsible for the formation of the organic bone matrix are called chondrocytes.

Answer 4

False. Reason: Chondrocytes produce and maintain the cartilaginous matrix. Osteoblasts are the cells that deposit bone matrix and eventually become osteocytes.

Question 5

What is the hollow space in which an osteocyte resides called?

Answer 5

Lacuna

Question 6

Which are functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 6

Blood formation, Protection, Support, Acid-base balance

Question 7

The connective tissue that makes up bone is called ______ tissue.

Answer 7

osseous

Question 8

Mature bone cells found within lacunae of compact bone are called

Answer 8

osteocytes

Question 9

True or false: Osteogenic cells are stem cells in the endosteum, periosteum, and central canals that can become chondrocytes.

Answer 9

False. Reason: Osteogenic cells are stem cells in the endosteum, periosteum, and central canals that can become osteoblasts rather than chondrocytes.

Question 10

Osteoblasts secrete the hormone ______.

Answer 10

osteocalcin

Question 11

What is the purpose of the canaliculi in compact bone?

Answer 11

To provide a passageway between the lacunae

Question 12

Which of the following describes the lacunae of osseous tissue?

Answer 12

Spaces between lamellae that contain osteocytes

Question 13

True or false: Osteocytes and osteoclasts develop from the same type of stem cell.

Answer 13

False. Reason: Osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, and osteocytes all belong to one cell lineage, but osteoclasts have an independent origin.

Question 14

What are mature bone cells found within lacunae of compact bone called?

Answer 14

Osteocytes

Question 15

The calcium-phosphate salt that mineralizes bone tissue is called ______.

Answer 15

hydroxyapatite

Question 16

Where do you find osteogenic cells?

Answer 16

Endosteum and periosteum

Question 17

In osseous tissue, the narrow channels connecting neighboring lacunae are called

Answer 17

canaliculi

Question 18

What is the hollow space in which an osteocyte resides called?

Answer 18

Lacuna

Question 19

The action carried out by osteoclasts is ______.

Answer 19

osteolysis

Question 20

Which is part of the inorganic matter that makes up the matrix of bone?

Answer 20

Calcium phosphate salt

Question 21

True or false: Osteogenic cells are stem cells in the endosteum, periosteum, and central canals that can become chondrocytes.

Answer 21

False. Reason: Osteogenic cells are stem cells in the endosteum, periosteum, and central canals that can become osteoblasts rather than chondrocytes.

Question 22

Lacunae are located between concentric rings of compact bone tissue called what?

Answer 22

Lamellae.

Question 23

True or false: Osteocytes and osteoclasts develop from the same type of stem cell.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

Stem cells in developing bone that give rise to osteoblasts are called _______ cells.

Answer 24

osteogenic

Question 25

Within compact bone, a central canal is found at the center of which structure?

Answer 25

An osteon

Question 26

Another term for a central canal is a(n) _______ canal.

Answer 26

haversian

Question 27

What are the layers of bony matrix in compact bone tissue called?

Answer 27

Lamellae

Question 28

Which channels run perpendicular to the central canals of osteons?

Answer 28

Perforating canals

Question 29

The basic structural unit of compact bone is the ______.

Answer 29

osteon

Question 30

What is the name for a channel that extends longitudinally through the center of an osteon?

Answer 30

Central canal, Haversian canal

Question 31

The layers of bony matrix arranged around the central canal of an osteon are called ______ lamellae.

Answer 31

concentric

Question 32

What are the thin plates forming spongy bone called?

Answer 32

trabeculae

Question 33

Central and perforating canals are lined with ______.

Answer 33

endosteum

Question 34

In longitudinal views, osteons are ______.

Answer 34

cylinders

Question 35

During intramembranous ossification, bone matrix is deposited by which type of cells?

Answer 35

Osteoblasts

Question 36

Trabeculae and spicules are found in ________

Answer 36

spongy bone.

Question 37

Where does bone formation occur during endochondral ossification?

Answer 37

Hyaline cartilage model

Question 38

Which channels run perpendicular to the central canals of osteons?

Answer 38

Perforating canals

Question 39

As a flat bone is produced by intramembranous ossification, which cells are responsible for the resorption of bone tissue that carves out the spongy bone's trabeculae?

Answer 39

Osteoclasts

Question 40

Where is the primary ossification center during endochondral ossification in a long bone?

Answer 40

Diaphysis

Question 41

The skull, vertebral column, and rib cage comprise the

Answer 41

axial skeleton.

Question 42

The cartilage that is the tissue which is replaced with bone during endochondral ossification is ________ cartilage.

Answer 42

hyaline

Question 43

The limb bones and their girdles comprise the ______ skeleton.

Answer 43

appendicular

Question 44

How many bones does the skeleton typically contain at birth?

Answer 44

270

Question 45

The axial skeleton can be defined as which of the following?

Answer 45

The bones of the supporting central axis of the body

Question 46

The patella is an example of a ________ bone, one that forms within a tendon due to stress.

Answer 46

sesamoid

Question 47

What color is the appendicular skeleton in this figure?

Answer 47

Green

Question 48

Which of following is a true statement and explains why the number of bones varies with age?

Answer 48

Many bones fuse together during development, resulting in fewer bones in the adult.

Question 49

During endochondral ossification, where does the primary ossification center form?

Answer 49

Diaphysis

Question 50

Which type of bone forms within a tendon due to stress?

Answer 50

Sesamoid