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Pre-Test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

MCC of Bell’s palsy

A

reactivation of herpes simplex or varicella virus

autoimmune demyleinization

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2
Q

When should an infants eyes be able to cross a vertical plane

A

3 months old

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3
Q

When can children dress themselves

A

5 years old

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4
Q

How old to copy a cross

A

4 years

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5
Q

All kids with Juvenile RA should have what routinely

A

Slit eye exams to watch out for uveitis

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6
Q

Two types of encopresis seen in kids

A

Retentive (chronic constipation) and nonrentive (without constipation)

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7
Q

Bowlegs common finding at what age

A

Younger than 2 years

aka genu varum

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8
Q

What is blount disease

A

Idiopathic tibia vara (bowlegs that don’t go away)

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9
Q

Pallid breath holding spells are usually caused by

A

Painful experience, such as a fall

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10
Q

DM diagnosis criteria

A
  1. Fasting >126
  2. 2 hour OGTT > 200
  3. or symptoms + random plasma glucose > 200
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11
Q

Cyanide antidote

A

Hydrocobalmin

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12
Q

Infants scabies seen where that is spared in adults

A

Palms, soles, face, and head

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13
Q

Common orbital cellulitis bugs

A

MRSA, Strep, H flu

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14
Q

Unique contra to tdap

A

Encephalopathy within 7 days of administration of the previous dose

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15
Q

Meningitis that can last a long time

A

TB

seen b/w 6 months and 4 years of life

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16
Q

LAD diagnosis

A

Measuring surface CD11b using flow cytometry

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17
Q

3 bites Ab prophylaxis used for

A

Cats, human, and monkeys

Think pastueralla with cat bites

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18
Q

2 drugs for clonidine tox

A

Naloxone and atropine

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19
Q

Clonidine tox featurs

A

Miosis, hypotension, and bradycardia within an hour of ingestion

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20
Q

What is erythema toxicum

A

2-3 cm erythematous macules seen in newborns with central yellow white pustules
will have eosinophils

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21
Q

What are salmon patches

A

Flat vascular lesions that are more prominent during crying

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22
Q

Scaly yellow hairless rash on kids head

A

Sebaceous nevi

Cradle cap will have hair and be flaky

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23
Q

What is frostnip

A

Firm, cold white patches of skin in cold exposed areas

Tx is with warming before they become numb

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24
Q

What are Chilblains

A

Small, ulcerated lesions on exposed areas such as ears and fingers

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25
*Riboflavin def
Chelosis, glossitis, ocular problems, serbhorreic derm
26
Meds that can cause poor riboflavin absorption
Probenecid, phenothiazine, OCPs
27
B6 (pyridoxine) def
Perps, seizures, dermatitis, microcytic anemia
28
Folate def
Megaloblastic anemia, pharyngeal ulcers, dec immunity, glossitis
29
2 def that can cause glossitis
Riboflavin and folate
30
Trisomy 13 features
Seizures, CLEFT LIP AND PALATE, micropthalmia, congenital heart disease
31
2 things osteomyelitis presents with
Focal bone tenderness and fever
32
How does N-acetylcysteine stop acetaminophen tox
Acts as glutathione substitute by binding directly to N-acetyl,...
33
Why sodium bicarb for aspirin tox
Enhances urinary excretion
34
Phenothiazine OD drug to fix
Diphenhydramine
35
Giardia tx
Tinidazole or Metronidazole
36
Diphyllobothrium latum symptoms and tx
``` Megaloblastic anemia (worm uses all the B12), glossitis Praziquantel is tx ```
37
Congenital rubella features
Deafness, cataracts, MR, heart defects
38
Chronic seborrheic dermatitis and failure can be associated with
Langerhan's cell histiocytosis
39
Lupus in mom can cause what heart defect in kids
Congenital heart block
40
Children on phenytoin should get what supplement
Folate
41
Order what in a kid with severe eczema and unusual infections
Platelet count - think WAS
42
Candida dermal test for
T cell activity - kids without any won't have reaction
43
Cardiac defect of FAS
Septal defects
44
Sulfisoxale effect of bilirubin
Competes with binding sites on albumin, decreasing levels
45
When to give Varicella IG to babies
If mom gets it 5 days before birth or 2 days after
46
What is persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn
In intubated babies, increase in pulmonary artery pressure from shunting across PDA or VSD due to decreased systemic pressure
47
If mom has CMV and later gets pregnant, risk to baby?
Mom has antibodies to CMV that are passed to the fetus
48
What is an Apt-Downey test
Differentiates maternal from fetal blood
49
Contra in breastfeeding drugs
Lithium, Cyclosporin, Illicit drugs, Chemo
50
IDM after 96 hours of life electrolyte trouble
Hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia (sugar usually clears by then)
51
First step in tachypneic newborn
Be sure to check if its warm enough
52
SGA babies higher risk of
Congenital malformations, hypoglycemia, meconium aspiration, other bad stuff
53
Apnea in an otherwise well premature infant
Secondary to incompletely developed respiratory center
54
2 formulas for galactosemia babies
Soy or casein hydrolysate infant formula
55
Cephalohematoma that crosses the midline
Subgaleal hemorrhage (Call ICU)
56
Hyperviscosity syndrome in neonate? Tx?
Tremulousness or jitteriness that can progress to seizure activity because blood in the cerebral microcirculation or thrombosis Tx is exchange transfusion
57
When to intubate baby
HR under 100 in a floppy depressed infant | *suction as well if meconium*
58
Chemical conjunctivitis when
6-12 hours after birth and lasts a day (usually from silver nitrate which isn't really used anymore)
59
HIV elisa not good in newborns cause
Maternal Ig can make positive
60
Propranolol effects on baby
May cause growth retardation Also baby can't increase heart rate when needed Also hypoglycemia and apnea
61
When does physiologic jaundice become apparent? bili levels?
2-3 days of life | Bili levels no higher than 12
62
Bilious vomiting + double bubble on xray
Duodenal atresia
63
Midgut volvulus most often presents how
3-4 day old with acute onset of bilious vomiting
64
Cleft lip and palate complications
Recurrent URIs, hearing loss, speech probs even if closure is complete
65
Congenital syphillis
Maculopapular peeling on face, palms, and soles. Rhinitis, hepatosplenomegaly
66
Polydactyly workup
Don't worry in black kids | Cardiac workup in white kids
67
What is Harlequin syndrome
Transient change in skil color of otherwise asymptomatic newborn where dependent side turns red while upper side is pale
68
Polyhydramnios caused by
Duodenal atresia and TEF
69
Congenital infection w/ cardio malformations
Rubella (PDA, Pulmonary artery stenosis, septal defects) | *not others*
70
3 things neonatal HSV can show
1. Isolated CNS involvement 2. SEM (isolated cutaneous) 3. Systemic generalized infection
71
Classic Toxo triad
Hydrocephalus, chorioretinitis,, and intracranial calcifications
72
More than half of CMV infected kids develop
Sensoneural hearing loss
73
Intracranial calcifications + Hepatosplenomegaly
CMV
74
Bronchiolitis XRAY
Patchy infiltrates and hyper expansion in both lung fields
75
Galactosemia kids get damage where after getting lactose
Brain, liver, and eyes
76
Sturge-Weber
Flat capillary vascular malformation in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve (port wine stain) Can have seizures with
77
Tuberous sclerosis risks later
Seizures
78
Wilms associated with what weird things
Aniridia, Hemihypertrophy
79
What causes IVH in premies
Gelatinous subependymal germinal matrix of grain -> enlarging head circumference, apnea, and bradycardia
80
Hematoma after birth that does not cross suture lines
Cephalohematomas
81
What is caput succedaneum
Soft tissue swelling of the scalp involving the presenting delivery portion of the head (can cross suture lines - pitting edema)
82
TCA overdose features? tx?
Hypertension to Hypotension and widened QRS, tachycardia | Sodium bicard to alkalinize urine
83
Most common finding of rheumatic fever
Polyarthritis

Pediatrics (14 decks)

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