U-World 4 Flashcards by Robby Skinner

What is refeeeding syndrome

Carbohydrate intake stimulates insulin activity, promoting cellular uptake of PO4, K, and Mg
arrythmias and cardiopulmonary failure

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Two things to order when DiGeorge is suspected

Serum calcium levels and Ekg

Hypocalemia from hypoplasia of the parathyroid gland

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Children who suffers from selective mutism are

verbal and talkative at home but refuse to speak in specific settings

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2 finger vs 3 finger pincer grasp development

3 fingers at 9 months

2 fingers at 1 year

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Height and weight in first year

Weight should triple and height should increase by 50%

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Complex partial seizure features

Brief episodes of impaired consciousness, failure to respond to stimuli during episodes, starting spells, and post-ictal confusion

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Next step in girl with primary amenorrhea if FSH is decreased

pituitary MRI

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Workup for all children with recurrent episodes of nocturnal vulvar itching

Examined for pinworms and treated empirically with mebendazole

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HSP leads to increased risk of

ileo-ileal intussusception

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Chronic constipation is a risk factor for what in toddlers

Recurrent cystitis

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Treatment of clubfoot

Stretching and manipulation of the foot followed by serial casts

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Pertussis ppx for contacts of sick

Macrolides (only azithro for those under 1 month)

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KUB for jejunal atresia

‘Triple bubble’ and gasless colon

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what is used for CF sweat test

quantitative pilocarpine iontophoresis makes them sweat

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Loss of cognitive functions post meningitis due to

Neuronal loss in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus

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Postexposure rabies prophylaxis

Rabies Ig and vaccine

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Features of hereditary angioedema

Rapid onset of edema of the face, acral extremities, genitals, trachea, and abdominal organs without urticaria
C1 inhibitor def

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Who should get varicella Ig

Immunocompromised hosts who are asymptomatic and non-immune

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Most common Ewing’s sarcoma sites

Metaphysis and diaphysis of femur, followed by tibia and humerus

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Triad of cardiac tamponade

Distant heart sounds, distended jugular veins (or scalp veins in babies), hypotension

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CXR of CHF

Increased pulmonary vascular congestion and interstitial edema

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Bone age in centra precocious puberty

Advanced (greater than actual age)

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NF1 and NF2 mutations

NF1: Neurofibromin on C 17
NF2: Merlin on C 22

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NF1 most common brain tumor

Optic pathway glioma

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ADA def results in

SCID (T cell def for viral and fungal issues)

When do patients with genetic B cell def begin to develop recurrent infections

After passing 6 months of age

Lack of what predisposes pt to Giardia

IgA

Gonococcal eye infection tx

IV ceftriaxone

Chlamydial eye infection tx

Oral erythromycin (also good for chlamydia pneumonia)

Def of what leads to Pellagra

Niacin (vit B3) | *Diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia*

What can riboflavin def cause

Cheilosis, glossitis, seborrheic dermaatitis

How can B6 (cyanocobalamin def) cause thrombosis

By increasing serum homocysteine

2-5 years drawing

2- copies a line 3- copies a circle 4- copes a square 5- copies a triangle

First line Ab class for pertussis

Macrolides

Gold standard for HIV testing from birth to 18 months

PCR

Most viral meningitis cases in kids cause by

Echo and Coxsackievirus

Acid base status of Iron poisoning

Anion-gap metabolic acidosis

Angular cheilosis and glossitis seen with what def? CBC will show?

Riboflavin | CBC will show a normocytic anemia

What does the knee chest position in a Tet spell do

Increases systemic vascular resistance (to overpower pulmonary vascular resistance)

Large VSD murmur

Pansytolic loudest at left lower sternal border and diastolic rumble at the apex due to increased flow across the mitral valve

Pineal gland tumor symptoms

Limited upward gaze, bilateral ptosis, and bilateral lid retraction *Also symptoms of ICP*

Congenital hypothyroidism signs

Apathy, hypotonia, large tongue, abdominal bloating, and umbilical hernia

Meconium ileus is virtually diagnostic for? Features of

CF | Obstruction is at the ileum and is inspissated

Drugs for absence seizures

Ethosuximide or valproate

What are growing pains

Bilateral, lower extremity pains that occur at night in children 2-12 years old

Presentation of spherocytosis

Hemolytic anemia, jaundice, and splenomegaly

Spherocytosis mutation

Ankyrin mutation causing spectrin deficiency

Glomerular damage of HSP

Mesangial deposition of IgA

Cat bite tx

5 day course of amoxicillin/clavulanate

What should be done for any child with behavioral concerns

Hearing test

MCC of acute unilateral lymphadenitis? Best tx?

S. aureus, followed by GAS | Clinda is the drug of choice (for MRSA coverage)

Always consider what in any adolescent prescient with significant emotional or school changes

Substance abuse, sexual abuse, and pregnancy

Two big suggesters for retropharyngeal abscess

Inability to extend neck | Widened prevertbral space on X-ray

Retropharyngeal abscess bugs

Polymicrobial

First two steps for newborn with diaphragmatic hernia

Endotracheal intubation | Gastric tube to decompress stomach and bowel

Hep B risk for what renal disease

Membranous nephropathy

Study to evaluate injury in chemical ingestions

Upper GI endoscopy

Two types of breath holding spells? What is often associated with them

Cyanotic- crying followed by breath holding Pallid- minor trauma followed by LOC * Iron def anemia often seen with *

What should be suspected in Down syndrome pt's who present with upper motor neuron findings

Atlantoaxial instability (caused by excessive laxity in posterior transverse ligament)

Dx of fanconis anemia? symptoms

Chromosomal breaks on genetic analysis Congenital marrow failure, poor growth, macroctyic anemia *abnormal thumbs*

First step for workup in neonate with bilious emesis who is stable

Imaging (contrast enema)

Two turners heart defects

Coarctation of aorta | Bicuspid aortic valve

History of trauma to soft palate with foreign body can lead to

Internal carotid artery dissection

In SS, acute severe anemia with low or absent reticulocytes c/w?

Aplastic crisis

Serum labs of RTA? Tx?

low serum HCO3 and hyperchloremia (normal anion gap acidosis) Tx is oral bicarb replacement

Beckwith-Widedemann syndrome features

Macrosomia, macroglossia, hemihpyerplasia and abdominal wall defects

BWS newborns monitored for?risks later?

Monitored for hypoglycemia | Risk of Wilm's tumor and hepatoblastoma

Cri-du-chat syndrome mutation

Deletion of 5p

Edwards syndrome features

Microcephaly, prominent occupy, micrognathia, CLOSED FISTS AND ROCKER BOTTOM FEET

Reye's syndrome liver biopsy

Micro vesicular fatty infiltration and hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction

2 diseases you can see Reye's with

Aspirin use in setting of influenza or varicella infection

Reye presentation

Vomiting, agitation and irrational behavior progressing to lethargy, stupor,a dn restlessness

3 reasons GERD more common in babies

1. Shorter esophagus 2. Incomplete closure of LES 3. Greater time spent in supine position

Most important step after Guillain-Barre is diagnosed

Spirometry to measure pulmonary function (FVC especially)

CBC of pertussis

Lymphocyte-predominant leukocytosis

What is Diamond-Blackfan syndrome

Microcytic pure red cell aplasia associated with short stature, webbed neck, cleft lip, triangular thumbs

U-World 4 Flashcards

(76 cards)