Preventative Medicine - USPSTF Recommendations (2025)

Question 1

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Screening

Answer 1

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends 1-time screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) with ultrasonography in men aged 65 to 75 years who have ever smoked.

Question 2

Anxiety Disorders in Adults Screening

Answer 2

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends screening for anxiety disorders in adults, including pregnant and postpartum persons.

Question 3

Anxiety in Children and Adolescents Screening

Answer 3

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends screening for anxiety in children and adolescents aged 8 to 18 years.

Question 4

Aspirin Use to Prevent Preeclampsia and Related Morbidity and Mortality

Answer 4

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends the use of low-dose aspirin (81 mg/day) as preventive medication after 12 weeks of gestation in persons who are at high risk for preeclampsia.

Question 5

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in pregnant persons

Answer 5

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria using urine culture in pregnant persons.

Question 6

BRCA-Related Cancer

Answer 6

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends that primary care clinicians assess women with a personal or family history of breast, ovarian, tubal, or peritoneal cancer or who have an ancestry associated with breast cancer susceptibility 1 and 2 (BRCA1/2) gene mutations with an appropriate brief familial risk assessment tool.
• Women with a positive result on the risk assessment tool should receive genetic counseling and, if indicated after counseling, genetic testing.

Question 7

Breast Cancer Medication Use to Reduce Risk

Answer 7

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends that clinicians offer to prescribe risk-reducing medications, such as tamoxifen, raloxifene, or aromatase inhibitors, to women who are at increased risk for breast cancer and at low risk for adverse medication effects.

Question 8

Breast Cancer Screening

Answer 8

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends biennial screening mammography for women aged 40 to 74 years.

Question 9

Breastfeeding

Answer 9

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends providing interventions or referrals, during pregnancy and after birth, to support breastfeeding.

Question 10

Cervical Cancer Screening

Answer 10

• A Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends screening for cervical cancer every 3 years with cervical cytology alone in women aged 21 to 29 years.
• For women aged 30 to 65 years, the USPSTF recommends screening every 3 years with cervical cytology alone, every 5 years with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing alone, or every 5 years with hrHPV testing in combination with cytology (co-testing).

Question 11

Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Screening

Answer 11

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends screening for gonorrhea in all sexually active women 24 years or younger and in women 25 years or older who are at increased risk for infection.

Question 12

Colorectal Cancer Screening

Answer 12

• B Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for colorectal cancer in adults aged 45 to 49 years.
• A Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for colorectal cancer in all adults aged 50 to 75 years.

Question 13

Depression and Suicide Risk in Adults Screening

Answer 13

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends screening for depression in the adult population, including pregnant and postpartum persons, as well as older adults.

Question 14

Depression and Suicide Risk in Children and Adolescents Screening

Answer 14

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends screening for major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents aged 12 to 18 years.

Question 15

Falls Prevention in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Answer 15

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends exercise interventions to prevent falls in community-dwelling adults 65 years or older who are at increased risk for falls.

Question 16

Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects

Answer 16

• A Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends that all persons planning to or who could become pregnant take a daily supplement containing 0.4 to 0.8 mg (400 to 800 mcg) of folic acid.

Question 17

Gestational Diabetes Screening

Answer 17

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends screening for gestational diabetes in asymptomatic pregnant persons at 24 weeks of gestation or after.

Question 18

Healthy Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults With Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Answer 18

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends offering or referring adults with cardiovascular disease risk factors to behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity.

Question 19

Healthy Weight and Weight Gain In Pregnancy

Answer 19

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends that clinicians offer pregnant persons effective behavioral counseling interventions aimed at promoting healthy weight gain and preventing excess gestational weight gain in pregnancy.

Question 20

Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Adolescents and Adults Screening

Answer 20

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in adolescents and adults at increased risk for infection. See the Practice Considerations section for a description of adolescents and adults at increased risk for infection.

Question 21

Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Pregnant Women Screening

Answer 21

• A Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in pregnant women at their first prenatal visit

Question 22

Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adolescents and Adults Screening

Answer 22

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends screening for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in adults aged 18 to 79 years.

Question 23

High Body Mass Index in Children and Adolescents

Answer 23

• B Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends that clinicians provide or refer children and adolescents 6 years or older with a high body mass index (BMI) (≥95th percentile for age and sex) to comprehensive, intensive behavioral interventions. See the Practice Considerations section for more information about behavioral interventions.

Question 24

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection Screening

Answer 24

• A Recommendation
• The USPSTF recommends that clinicians screen for HIV infection in adolescents and adults aged 15 to 65 years. Younger adolescents and older adults who are at increased risk of infection should also be screened. See the Clinical Considerations section for more information about assessment of risk, screening intervals, and rescreening in pregnancy.
• The USPSTF recommends that clinicians screen for HIV infection in all pregnant persons, including those who present in labor or at delivery whose HIV status is unknown.

Question 25

Hypertension in Adults Screening

Answer 25

- A Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends screening for hypertension in adults 18 years or older with office blood pressure measurement (OBPM). The USPSTF recommends obtaining blood pressure measurements outside of the clinical setting for diagnostic confirmation before starting treatment.

Question 26

Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Screening

Answer 26

- B Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends screening for hypertensive disorders in pregnant persons with blood pressure measurements throughout pregnancy.

Question 27

Intimate Partner Violence and Caregiver Abuse of Older or Vulnerable Adults Screening

Answer 27

- B Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends that clinicians screen for intimate partner violence (IPV) in women of reproductive age, including those who are pregnant and postpartum. See the "Practice Considerations" section for information on evidence-based multicomponent interventions and for information on IPV in men.

Question 28

Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults Screening

Answer 28

- B Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends screening for LTBI in populations at increased risk. See the "Assessment of Risk" section for additional information on adults at increased risk.

Question 29

Lung Cancer Screening

Answer 29

- B Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends annual screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in adults aged 50 to 80 years who have a 20 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years. - Screening should be discontinued once a person has not smoked for 15 years or develops a health problem that substantially limits life expectancy or the ability or willingness to have curative lung surgery.

Question 30

Ocular Prophylaxis for Gonococcal Ophthalmia Neonatorum

Answer 30

- A Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends prophylactic ocular topical medication for all newborns to prevent gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum.

Question 31

Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures Screening

Answer 31

- B Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends screening for osteoporosis to prevent osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women younger than 65 years who are at increased risk for an osteoporotic fracture as estimated by clinical risk assessment. - The USPSTF recommends screening for osteoporosis to prevent osteoporotic fractures in women 65 years or older.

Question 32

Perinatal Depression

Answer 32

- B Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends that clinicians provide or refer pregnant and postpartum persons who are at increased risk of perinatal depression to counseling interventions.

Question 33

Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: Screening: asymptomatic adults aged 35 to 70 years who have overweight or obesity

Answer 33

The USPSTF recommends screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in adults aged 35 to 70 years who have overweight or obesity. Clinicians should offer or refer patients with prediabetes to effective preventive interventions.

Question 34

Prevention of Acquisition of HIV

Answer 34

- A Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends that clinicians prescribe preexposure prophylaxis using effective antiretroviral therapy to persons who are at increased risk of HIV acquisition to decrease the risk of acquiring HIV. See the Practice Considerations section for more information about identification of persons at increased risk and about effective antiretroviral therapy.

Question 35

Prevention of Dental Caries in Children Screening

Answer 35

- B Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends that primary care clinicians apply fluoride varnish to the primary teeth of all infants and children starting at the age of primary tooth eruption. - The USPSTF recommends that primary care clinicians prescribe oral fluoride supplementation starting at age 6 months for children whose water supply is deficient in fluoride.

Question 36

Rh(D) Incompatibility Screening

Answer 36

- A Recommendation: The USPSTF strongly recommends Rh(D) blood typing and antibody testing for all pregnant women during their first visit for pregnancy-related care. - B Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends repeated Rh(D) antibody testing for all unsensitized Rh(D)-negative women at 24 to 28 weeks' gestation, unless the biological father is known to be Rh(D)-negative.

Question 37

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Answer 37

- B Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends behavioral counseling for all sexually active adolescents and for adults who are at increased risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). See the Practice Considerations section for more information on populations at increased risk for acquiring STIs.

Question 38

Skin Cancer Prevention

Answer 38

The USPSTF recommends counseling young adults, adolescents, children, and parents of young children about minimizing exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation for persons aged 6 months to 24 years with fair skin types to reduce their risk of skin cancer.

Question 39

Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults

Answer 39

- B Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends that clinicians prescribe a statin for the primary prevention of CVD for adults aged 40 to 75 years who have 1 or more CVD risk factors (i.e. dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, or smoking) and an estimated 10-year risk of a cardiovascular event of 10% or greater.

Question 40

Syphilis Infection During Pregnancy Screening

Answer 40

- A Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends early, universal screening for syphilis infection during pregnancy; if an individual is not screened early in pregnancy, the USPSTF recommends screening at the first available opportunity.

Question 41

Syphilis Infection in Non-pregnant Adolescents and Adults Screening

Answer 41

- A Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends screening for syphilis infection in persons who are at increased risk for infection.

Question 42

Tobacco Smoking Cessation in Adults, Including Pregnant Persons

Answer 42

- A Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends that clinicians ask all adults about tobacco use, advise them to stop using tobacco, and provide behavioral interventions and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)--approved pharmacotherapy for cessation to non- pregnant adults who use tobacco.

Question 43

Tobacco Smoking Cessation in Adults, Including Pregnant Persons

Answer 43

- A Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends that clinicians ask all pregnant persons about tobacco use, advise them to stop using tobacco, and provide behavioral interventions for cessation to pregnant persons who use tobacco.

Question 44

Tobacco Use in Children and Adolescents

Answer 44

- B Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends that primary care clinicians provide interventions, including education or brief counseling, to prevent initiation of tobacco use among school-aged children and adolescents.

Question 45

Unhealthy Alcohol Use in Adolescents and Adults Screening

Answer 45

- B Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends screening for unhealthy alcohol use in primary care settings in adults 18 years or older, including pregnant women, and providing persons engaged in risky or hazardous drinking with brief behavioral counseling interventions to reduce unhealthy alcohol use.

Question 46

Unhealthy Drug Use Screening

Answer 46

- B Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends screening by asking questions about unhealthy drug use in adults age 18 years or older. Screening should be implemented when services for accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and appropriate care can be offered or referred. (Screening refers to asking questions about unhealthy drug use, not testing biological specimens.)

Question 47

Vision in Children Screening

Answer 47

- B Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends vision screening at least once in all children aged 3 to 5 years to detect amblyopia or its risk factors.

Question 48

Weight Loss to Prevent Obesity-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Adults

Answer 48

- B Recommendation - The USPSTF recommends that clinicians offer or refer adults with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) to intensive, multicomponent behavioral interventions.