Primates

Question 1

Range of Facial Morphology

Answer 1

• Functional anatomy

- Behavioural adaptations

Question 2

Suspensory

Answer 2

-

Question 3

Arboreal

Answer 3

-

Question 4

Terrestrial

Answer 4

-

Question 5

Anatomical adaptations

Answer 5

Pentadactyl limbs
Hands prehensile
Tails are (often) present
Big toe (hallux) opposable
Flat nails on hands/feet in most species
Sensitive tactile pads with ‘fingerprints’ on fingers/toes

Question 6

Forelimb adaptation

Answer 6

Specialization

Question 7

Skull

Answer 7

Visual sense is highly developed. Eyes are large and forward-facing, permitting stereoscopic vision
Brain large compared with brains of similar sized mammals, with several unique features
Unspecialized olfactory apparatus (greatly reduced in diurnal species)
Post-orbital bar (strepsirrhines)Enclosed orbits (haplorhines)
Maximums for each jaw quadrant: 2 incisors1 canine3 premolars
Wide range of diets:- Herbivores (including folivores and gummivores)- Omnivores- Obligate carnivores
Molars are relatively unspecialized

Question 8

Range of mating strategies

Answer 8

Promiscuity (many:many)
Polygamy (1: many)
Polygyny (1 male: many females)
Polyandry (1 female: many males)
Monogamy (1:1)