productivity

Question 1

what is glucose used for (6)

Answer 1

converted into insoluble starch
makes lipids for storage
converted into amino acids to make protein
makes cellulose
used for respiration

Question 2

productivity in plants

Answer 2

NPP = GPP - R
[energy absorbed - respiratory losses]

Question 3

productivity in animals

Answer 3

N = I - (F + R)
[energy ingested - (energy in faeces + respiratory losses)]

Question 4

how does mycorrhizal fungi help

Answer 4

increased resistance to foliar pathogens
resistance to root pathogens
increased drought tolerance
increased salt tolerance
better nutrient transfer

Question 5

ammonification

Answer 5

microbial saprobiants decompose dead plant and animal materials forming ammonium ion

Question 6

nitrogen fixation

Answer 6

nitrogen fixing bacteria reduce nitrogen gas to ammonium. nitrogen fixing bacteria are found in root nodules of leguminous plants

Question 7

nitrification

Answer 7

nitrifying bacteria oxidise ammonium to nitrate ions then nitrite ions then nitrate ions to be taken up by plants

Question 8

efficiency equation

Answer 8

energy stored in biomass
total energy taken in

Question 9

artificial fertiliser

Answer 9

NPK

Question 10

natural fertiliser

Answer 10

manure
slurry
guano

Question 11

geographical isolation

Answer 11

allopatric speciation

Question 12

reproductive speciation

Answer 12

sympatric speciation

Question 13

sampling motile species eq

Answer 13

1st sample x 2nd sample
2nd sample previously marked

Question 14

detritus

Answer 14

dead plant and animal material

Question 15

detrivore

Answer 15

an organism that feeds on detritus

Question 16

Units for gross productivity

Answer 16

kJ per hector per year