Programming

Question 1

What two things are data types defined by?

Answer 1

The values they can take, and the operations that can be performed on them

Question 2

Is -44 an integer?

Answer 2

Yes. An integer is a whole number- positive or negative- including zero.

Question 3

Which data type can only be true or false?

Answer 3

Boolean

Question 4

What is a user-defined data type?

Answer 4

A data type derived from existing data types in order to create a customised data structure.

Question 5

What is meant by assignment?

Answer 5

Giving a constant or variable a value.

Question 6

What is meant by iteration?

Answer 6

Repeating an instruction.

Question 7

What is meant by a subroutine?

Answer 7

A named block of code containing a set of instructions designed to perform a frequently used operation.

Question 8

In which type of iteration is the number of repetitions required not known before the loop starts?

Answer 8

Indefinite iteration

Question 9

What visible feature of program code signifies nesting?

Answer 9

Indentation

Question 10

Using integer division- what is 14 DIV 3?

Answer 10

4

Question 11

Using the modulo operation- what is 30 MOD 4?

Answer 11

2

Question 12

What is 1 XOR 1?

Answer 12

0

Question 13

Name two advantages of using constants over hard-coded values

Answer 13

Constants can be given identifier names making code easier for a human to understand- and when updating a value constants only need updating at one position in code

Question 14

What is meant by concatenation?

Answer 14

Joining two or more strings together to form a new longer string.

Question 15

What is a seed value used for?

Answer 15

Generating random numbers.

Question 16

What is a Catch block

Answer 16

The code which is run to handle an exception

Question 17

What name is given to a type of subroutine which always returns a value?

Answer 17

Function

Question 18

What are parameters used for?

Answer 18

Passing data between subroutines in programs.

Question 19

What name is given to the actual value passed by a parameter?

Answer 19

Argument

Question 20

Where can a global variable be accessed from

Answer 20

Any part of the program

Question 21

Name three items stored in a stack frame

Answer 21

Return addresses
Parameters
Local variables

Question 22

What is meant by a recursive subroutine?

Answer 22

A subroutine which is defined in terms of itself.

Question 23

What is meant by a base case?

Answer 23

The terminating situation in recursion that does not use recursion to produce a result.

Question 24

When would stack overflow occur

Answer 24

When a recursive subroutine never meets its base case

Question 25

What scope is a variable that can be accessed from all parts of a program said to have?

Answer 25

Global

Question 26

List the four types of basic structure used in the structured approach to program design and construction

Answer 26

Assignment Sequence Selection Iteration

Question 27

What do rectangles represent in hierarchy charts?

Answer 27

Procedures

Question 28

How is data stored in procedural programs?

Answer 28

By constants and variables

Question 29

What are Objects in OOP

Answer 29

The name for the data and instructions

Question 30

In OOP, what do classes do?

Answer 30

Specifies the properties and methods that objects have

Question 31

In OOP, what is encapsulation?

Answer 31

The name given to the process of combining methods and procedures in an object

Question 32

In OOP, when does polymorphism occur

Answer 32

Occurs when objects are processed differently depending on their class

Question 33

In OOP, what is an overridden method

Answer 33

When the method has the same name as a method in an inherited class but a different implementation

Question 34

Name the stronger of the two kinds of association

Answer 34

Composition

Question 35

In OOP- what is the purpose of inheritance?

Answer 35

Inheritance allows one class to share the properties and methods of another class

Question 36

What type of association exists between a class and a student: aggregation or composition?

Answer 36

Aggregation- If the class is destroyed the student still exists

Question 37

In class diagrams which feature properties and methods- what symbol represents a private property?

Answer 37

A minus sign (-)

Question 38

Name two object-oriented design principles

Answer 38

Two from: Encapsulate what varies Favour composition over inheritance Program to interfaces not implementation

Question 39

In class diagrams which type of line represents aggregation?

Answer 39

A line with a white diamond cap