Progress Check Hydro Cycle Amd

Question 1

Why is carbon useful for humans ?

Answer 1

Plants use it to grow
Crude oil - for plastic
Cars
Power _ coal and fossil fuels

Question 2

Which processes take carbon in from the atmosphere .

Answer 2

Photosynthesis
Dissolving into the ocean

Question 3

Which processes real ease carbon into the atmosphere .

Answer 3

Respiration
Decomposition
Volcanic eruption

Question 4

Which process transfers carbon from the ocean into the lithosphere

Answer 4

Sedimentation into rock

Question 5

Is there any overlap between the carbon cycle and hydrological cycle .

Answer 5

Water necessary fro photosynthesis
Oceans important store for water and carbon

Question 6

How is carbon stored in the atmosphere .

Answer 6

Stored as the gas carbon dioxide
766 billions of metric tons

Question 7

How is carbon stored in the biosphere ?

Answer 7

Stored as organic molecules in living anda dead plants and animals
Stored in the soil as organic matter from plant material

Question 8

How is carbon stored in the oceans ?

Answer 8

Stored as dissolved carbon dioxide but also as calcium carbonate in the shells of Marie. Life which can fall to the sea floor

Question 9

How is carbon stored in the lithosphere ?

Answer 9

Stored as fossil fuels and also in sedimentary rocks such as limestone and chalk

Question 10

Why is carbon found in all living things ?

Answer 10

All cells contain proteins fat and carbohydrate molecules
These all contain carbon atoms

Question 11

What is the carbon cycle ?

Answer 11

Movement of carbon between stores

Question 12

What is the conc of co2 in the atmosphere +

Answer 12

<4 parts per 10,000

Question 13

Why are green plants important ?

Answer 13

Remove co2 in the atmosphere and they make complex molecules

Question 14

Why are microorganisms important ?

Answer 14

Decompose dead organic matter

Question 15

How is carbon released back into the atmosphere ?

Answer 15

Burning wood and fossil fuels
Respiration in cells

Question 16

What are some processes in the fast carbon cycle ?

Answer 16

Photosynthesis
Respiration
Decomposition
Respiration by de composers
Respiration by phytoplankton

Question 17

What are some processes in the slow carbon cycle ?

Answer 17

Dissolve into oceans
Upwelling
Downweling
Sinking se creatures
Sedimentation
Dissolving and decay
Fossilisation
Weathering
Volcanic eruptio

Question 18

How long does it take for carbon atoms to move through the slow carbon cycle ?

Answer 18

100-200 million years

Question 19

Why is rainfall slightly acidic ?

Answer 19

Carbón dioxide combines with water vapour to form carbonic acid

Question 20

What does acidic rain do to rocks ?

Answer 20

Reacts with minerals in the rock , causing chemical weathering

Question 21

How does carbon end up in the ocean ?

Answer 21

Absorb carbon directly from the atmosphere
Washed down stream into rivers , lakes and oceans

Question 22

What are shells and skeletons of marine creatures made of ?

Answer 22

CaCO3

Question 23

How do sea creatures turn into rocks ?

Answer 23

Sink to the bottom of sea floor and build up in layers
Layers compact , sedimentation M turns into rock

Question 24

What is sequestrian ?

Answer 24

If organic carbon gets trapped in between the layers , it makes fossil fuels

Question 25

How does carbon sequestered in rocks eventually return to the atmosphere ?

Answer 25

Volcanic eruptions at subduction zones at a destructive boundary

Question 26

Name the acid formed when co2 dissolves in rainwater

Answer 26

Weak carbonic acid

Question 27

Why has acidity of ocean surface water increased ?

Answer 27

Rising concentration of co2 in the atmosphere due to anthropogenic emissions , have increased the acidity of rainfall

Question 28

How much carbon is transferred by weathering ?

Answer 28

0.3 billion tonnes

Question 29

What is the carbonation equation ?

Answer 29

Calcium carbonate +carbonic acid -> calcium bicarbonate

Question 30

How does freeze thaw weathering affect chemical weathering ?

Answer 30

Increases the surface area exposed to a chemical attack

Question 31

How many times faster is the fast carbon cycle compared to the slow cycle ?

Answer 31

100 to 1000 times

Question 32

What do plants produce when they photosynthesis?

Answer 32

Carbohydrastes like glucose Oxygen as a by product

Question 33

Name the organism in the ocean that can photosynthesis ?

Answer 33

Phytoplankton

Question 34

Why is respiration important?

Answer 34

Releases carbon back to the atmosphere

Question 35

What is released during decomposition.

Answer 35

Co2 Methane

Question 36

Name another way that carbon is released back to the atmosphere ?

Answer 36

Fire - combustion

Question 37

How much carbon is cycled through the fast carbon cycle every year ?

Answer 37

Between 1,000 million and 100,000 million metric tonnes

Question 38

Why is there so much carbon in peat ?

Answer 38

There’s no oxygen Cos they are water logged or saturated so there’s no 02 for decomposition

Question 39

What could happen to peat bogs as the earth warms ?

Answer 39

Could decompose microorganisms They could dry out which would release more carbon

Question 40

Where do surface oceans transport dissolved co2 ?

Answer 40

Poleward

Question 41

What happens to cooled ocean water ?

Answer 41

Becomes more dense and skins

Question 42

Where in the world does downwelling occur ?

Answer 42

One of the places is the North Atlantic between Greenland and Iceland

Question 43

How long might carbon molecules remain in the deep ocean ?

Answer 43

For centuries

Question 44

How long does the fats carbon cycle take ?

Answer 44

Minutes and hours

Question 45

How long does the slow carbon cycle take ?

Answer 45

150 million years

Question 46

What percentage of global water is found in the atmosphere ?

Answer 46

0.001%

Question 47

What is the name of the lowest portion of the earths atmosphere ?

Answer 47

Troposphere

Question 48

What is the average environmental lapse rate .

Answer 48

6 degrees for every 1000 M in height