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SRNAPharmacology II > Prostaglandins-COMP > Flashcards

Prostaglandins-COMP Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

Prostaglandins act as

A

Local hormones.

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2
Q

Prostaglandins are synthesized in the body form the essentials fatty acids

A

Arachidonic acid
Dihydrolinoleic acid
Eicosapentaenoic acid

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3
Q

Arachidonic acid is a component of _________is released by

A

Cell membrane ; Action of phospholipase C and phospholipase A2

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4
Q

Phospholipase enzymes are inhibited by

A

Corticosteroids

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5
Q

Phospholipase A2 leads to

A

Arachidonic acid

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6
Q

Arachidonic Acid gives rise to 2 pathways

A

Cyclooxygenase and Lipooxygenase

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7
Q

Pathway of clyclooxygenase lead to

A

Endoperoxides leading to Thromboxane synthethase and prostacyclin synthethase, leading to thromboxane and prostacyclin

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8
Q

Pathway of Lipooxygenase lead to

A

5-Hydroxy-Arachidonic Acid –> Leukotrienes

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9
Q

Mechanism of Action of Prostaglandins

A

Stimulate synthesis of cyclic Adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) by activation of adenylate cyclase

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10
Q

cAMP activates protein A to express it effect, including decreased free intracellular concentration of calcium which leads to

A

Vascular relaxation

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11
Q

Act as filter fro many of the prostaglandins

A

Lungs

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12
Q

Half time of Thromboxane A2

A

30 seconds

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13
Q

Half time of Prostacyclin

A

3 minutes

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14
Q

Under strict regulation of prostacyclins

A

Normal platelet function and hemostasis

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15
Q

Regulated by prostaglandins

A

Renal blood flow

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16
Q

Prostaglandins maintain or increase

A

mucosal blood flow and help increase secretion mucus and bicarb in the stomach

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17
Q

What is the principal Cyclooxygenase product of arachidonic acid in platelet?

A

Thromboxane

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18
Q

Act as an intense stimulus for platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction

A

Thromboxane

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19
Q

Low doses of ASA

A

IRREVERSIBLY inhibits Thromboxane

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20
Q

NSAIDS

A

Reversible inhibited by NSAIDS

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21
Q

The most potent endogenous inhibitor of platelet aggregation and is a potent vasodilator

A

Prostacyclin

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22
Q

Doses needed to inhibit both thromboxane and prostacyclin production

A

Large doses of ASA

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23
Q

What is important in maintaining platelet activity and coagulation?

A

A normal Thromboxane to prostacyclin ratio

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24
Q

What can lead to decrease blood flow leading to possible ischemia or infarction of vital organs?

A

Increase thromboxane

Decrease prostacyclin

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25
What can lead to Bleeding disorders?
Decrease Thromboxane | increase prostacyclin
26
What is the major site of prostaglandin synthesis?
The lungs
27
Can lead to bronchial asthma
Thromboxane and prostacyclin
28
Leukotrienes vs histamine
Leukotrienes have thousand times more potent bronchial smooth muscle vasoconstriction activity than histamine
29
ASA can lead to an increase in
production of leukotrienes
30
Intrarenal release of prostaglandins lead to
Modulate renal blood flow and GFR
31
Inhibition of cyclooxygenase with NSAID
can interfere with normal renal prostaglandin protective mechanisms and accentuate catecholamine induced renal vasoconstriction
32
Used for primary pulmonary HTN
Epoprosterenol (flolan)
33
Illoprost
Derivative of prostacyclin
34
Uniprost
Derivative of prostacyclin
35
Treatment (inhaler) of Pulmonary HTN
Illoprost
36
Administered SC by portable pump
Uniprost
37
Epoprosteronol also known as
Prostacyclin and PGI2, strong vasodilator
38
MOA epoprosterenol
A potent endogenous inhibitor of platelet aggregation
39
Epoprosterenol Steady state levels are reached in
15 mins with continuous infusion
40
Half life Epoprosterenol
2.7 - 6 minutes
41
Epoprosterenol usually initiated at
2ng/kg/min
42
Never do this with EPOPROSTERENOL
Never interrupt infusion
43
Monitoring parameters for Isoproterenol
Improvement in pulmonary function PA pressures PVR HR and decrease in dyspnea
44
Use for temporary maintenance of ductus arteriosus in neonates with ductul dependant CHD until surgery
ALPROSTADIL
45
Newest medication may see with PUMP
Label: REMODULIN (treprostinil)
46
Controlled hypotension achieved with a continuous dose of
Alprostadil
47
Alprostadil dose for controlled hypotension
0.1ng/kg/min to maintain CBF
48
Used to treat ED
Alprostadil
49
Alprostadil
Vasodilation and inhibition of platelet aggregation
50
Administration by IV prevents premature closure of the ductus arteriosus until surgery can be performed
Alprostadil
51
Side effects of Alprostadil
``` Depression of ventilation Bronchoconstriction Flushing Bradycardia Hyperthermia ```
52
Use to promote cervical ripening prior to labor induction
Dinoprostone (cervidil)
53
Used to terminate pregnancy in weeks
12 through 28 weeks evacuate the uterus in cases of missed abortion, intrauterine fetal death
54
Produces physiologic uterine contractions
Dinopros
55
Warning for Dinoprost
Bronchospasm in asthmatics Seizures N/V
56
Termination of pregnancy and treatment of refractory PP uterine bleeding
Carboprost
57
Carboprost dose of
250cmg IM repeat at 1 1/2 to 3 1/2 interval
58
Caution for carboprost
History of asthma , hypotension or HTN, renal or hepatic , DM , seizures
59
Side effects of Carboprost
Vomiting, diarrhea, hyperthermia
60
Used to prevent NSAID induces gastric ulcers
Misoprostol , cytotec
61
Inhibits secretion of gastric acid by parietal cells
Misoprostol cytotec
62
Misoprostol replaces the
Protective prostaglandins consumed by NSAIDs
63
Side effects of Misoprostol
Diarrhea, abd pain
64
Thomboxane on SVR
Increase
65
Thomboxane on Airway Resistance
Increase
66
Thomboxane on Platelet aggregation
Increase
67
Prostacyclin and Epoprosterenol on SVR
Decrease
68
Prostacyclin and Epoprosterenol on airway resistance
Increase
69
Prostacyclin and Epoprosterenol on Platelet aggregation
Decrease
70
Illoprost on airway resistance
Decrease
71
The only prostacyclin reduces AIRWAY RESISTANCE
ILLOPROST
72
Illoprost platelet aggregation
Decrease
73
Increase Uterine Muscle tone
Alprostadil Dinoprost Dinoprostone
74
Decrease platelet aggregation
Prostacyclin (epoprosterenol) Illoprost Alprostadil
75
Dinoprost
Increase or decrease SVR

SRNAPharmacology II (32 decks)

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