Proteolysis

Question 1

Overview

Answer 1

When [glucose]blood <5mM, insulin secretion stops which stimulates lipolysis and proteolysis. It is non-specific and occurs in muscles as that’s where most protein is. Polypeptides go to a.a and their skeletons are used in gluconeogenesis. Skeletons refer to the carbon chain - amine group. Amine groups to ammonia is toxic therefore, detoxified to urea. Skeletons go to liver for gluconeogenesis.

Question 2

Processing amino acids

Answer 2

channel amine groups onto one of three AA (alanine, glutamate and asparate) by transferring it to either pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate or oxaloacetate. Results in alpha-keto acids that are the AA skeletons.

Question 3

Fate of amino acids

Answer 3

Goes to the liver for urea cycle. Amine groups are channeled into urea. Consumes lots of ATP.