Pseudomonas and Burkholderia

Question 1

Pseudomonas Characteristics

Answer 1

Obligate aerobic
Motile rods (flagella)
Most saprophytic
Mainly in water

Question 2

P. Aeruginosa Characteristics

Answer 2

Facultative symbiotic
Facultative pathogenic (usually secondary)

Question 3

P. Aeruginosa - Found in

Answer 3

Soil
Water
On Plants

Question 4

P. Aeruginosa - Growth Characteristics

Answer 4

Easy grower
Large colonies
Sweet odor
Blue-green pigment

Question 5

P. Aeruginosa is Oxidase

Answer 5

Positive

Question 6

P. Aeruginosa is Lactose

Answer 6

Negative

Question 7

P. Aeruginosa - Infections

Answer 7

Evironmental origin
High natural resistance
Can adapt to humid hospital environments (tubes)

Question 8

P. Aeruginosa - Virulence Factors

Answer 8

Adhesion (fimbriae)
LPS Endotoxin
Exotoxin
Biofilm
Capsule
Iron acquisition

Question 9

P. Aeruginosa - Affects

Answer 9

Cold blooded animals

Secondary infections in mammals and birds

Question 10

P. Aeruginosa - Predisposing Factors

Answer 10

Drinking water
Humidity
Reduced immunity

Question 11

P. Aeruginosa in Cats and Dogs

Answer 11

Skin infections
Cystitis
Otitis externa
Purulent process - blue green pus

Question 12

P. Aeruginosa in Rodents

Answer 12

Pneumonia
Septicemia
High mortality

Question 13

P. Aeruginosa in Rabbits

Answer 13

Skin infection - moist dermatitis

Sporadic pneumonia

Question 14

P. Aeruginosa in Horses

Answer 14

Metritis-vaginitis

Keratitis conjunctivitis - secondary infection

Question 15

P. Aeruginosa Causes Mastitis in

Answer 15

Bovine, sheep, goat

Question 16

P. Aeruginosa Mastitis

Answer 16

Acute with High Mortality

Origin - environment, teat injector

Question 17

P. Aeruginosa in Reptiles

Answer 17

Necrotic stomatitis
Pneumonia
Septicemia
Secondary to poor housing

Question 18

P. Aeruginosa - psittaciformes in Parrots/Parrakeets

Answer 18

Secondary infection
conjunctivitis
Rhinitis
Pneumonia
Airsacculitis
Enteritis

Question 19

P. Aeruginosa - Galliformes

Answer 19

Water supply
Oviduct of turkeys
Contamination of eggs

Question 20

P. Aeruginosa - Treatment

Answer 20

Take away cause of infection
Fluoroquinolones, Aminoglycosides, polymixin
Most animals die

Question 21

Pseudomonas spp.

Answer 21

Cold blooded animals (reptiles, fish)

Skin ulcus/septicemia

Question 22

Burkholderia Characteristics

Answer 22

Aerobic
Rods
Catalase positive

Question 23

B. Mallei: Glanders

Answer 23

BSL3 agent
Zoonotic
Equine pathogen
Must be reported
Mainly in Asia and S. American

Question 24

B. Mallei: Glanders - Symptoms

Answer 24

Nodules and ulcers, pyogranulomatous
Orchitis
Skin, resp tract
Variability in severity

Question 25

Glanders - Virulence

Answer 25

Capsule | LPS

Question 26

Glanders - Transmission

Answer 26

Ingestion - feed, water Inhalation Wounds

Question 27

Glanders - Pathogenesis

Answer 27

Chronic, debilitating | pharynx/skin --> lymph and blood --> Lesions in nodes, lung, liver, spleen, nose, skin

Question 28

Glanders - Supparative Lesions

Answer 28

Nodular - neutrophils, fibrin, RBCs | Granulomatous - Necrotic, giant cells

Question 29

Glanders - Active Infection

Answer 29

Fever Nasal discharge Lymphandenitis Frequently fatal

Question 30

Glanders - Chronic Infection

Answer 30

Fever and resp problems | Skin abscesses

Question 31

Glanders - Diagnosis

Answer 31

CFT - main | ELISA, HAI

Question 32

B. Pseudomallei - Malioidosis

Answer 32

Pyogranulomatous infection Reportable BSL3 Zoonotic

Question 33

Malioidosis - Real Saprophyte

Answer 33

Water rich environments Infections after flooding/heavy rain Swamps

Question 34

Malioidosis has endosymbiont with

Answer 34

Amoeba (reservoir)

Question 35

Malioidosis - Host

Answer 35

Wide range - large dissemination Mammals - sheep, goat mainly Rodents

Question 36

Malioidosis - Transmission

Answer 36

Ingestion Wound infection Airborne Arthropod bites

Question 37

Malioidosis - Virulence

Answer 37

Adhesins - flagella Capsule T3SS and T4SS

Question 38

Malioidosis - in Dogs

Answer 38

Febrile diseases w/ localizing suppurative foci

Question 39

Malioidosis - in Equine

Answer 39

Mimics glanders - pseudoglanders

Question 40

Malioidosis - in Cattle

Answer 40

Acute to chronic | lungs, joints and uterus

Question 41

Malioidosis - in Sheep

Answer 41

Arthritis and lymphadenitis

Question 42

Malioidosis - in Goat

Answer 42

Loss of condition, respiratory and CNS disturbances arthritis mastitis

Question 43

Malioidosis - in Swine

Answer 43

``` Loss of condition, resp and CNS disturbances Arthritis Mastitis Abortion Diarrhea ```