Psych 8 Flashcards
(41 cards)
1
Q
Diagnostic criteria/time frame for panic attacks
A
♣ Recurrent unexpected panic attacks (periods of intense fear and discomfort) without an identifiable trigger
♣ One or more panic attacks followed by > 1 month of continuous worry about future attacks
2
Q
Tx of specific phobia
A
Exposure therapy
3
Q
Tx of social phobia related to performance anxiety
A
Beta blockers or short acting benzos prn
4
Q
Tx for general social anxiety disorder
A
First line = SSRI/SNRI
Benzos PRN
5
Q
Tx of OCD
A
SSRI - requires higher doses than needed to treat depression
6
Q
Tx of Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
A
SSRI, Buspirone, TCAs, short-term benzos
7
Q
Tx of Panic disorder
A
- First line = SSRI
- Can switch to TCA if SSRI not effective
- Benzos until SSRI kicks in + PRN
8
Q
Defense mechanism:
- Consciously replacing an unacceptable wish with a similar but acceptable course of action
- E.g. Redirection of aggression towards father into sports
A
Sublimation
9
Q
- Alleviating negative feelings via unsolicited generosity
- E.g. Mafia boss donates to charity
A
Altruism
10
Q
- Intentionally withholding idea or feeling from awareness temporarily
- E.g. Don’t worry about big game until it’s time to play
A
Suppression
11
Q
- Appreciating amusing nature of anxiety-provoking situation
- Expressing unpleasant or uncomfortable feelings without causing discomfort to self or others
A
Humor
12
Q
• Regulating situations and events of external environment to relieve anxiety
A
Controlling
13
Q
- Transferring avoided feeling or ideas to a neutral person
- Shifting emotions from an undesirable situation to one that is personally tolerable
- E.g. Father yells at child because his boss yelled at him
A
Displacement
14
Q
- Avoiding negative feelings by excessive use of intellectual functions and by focusing on irrelevant details
- E.g. Physician dying from cancer describe the pathophysiology of his disease in detail to his 12-year-old son
A
Intellectualization
15
Q
- Separating feelings from ideas and events
- Unconsciously limiting the experience of feelings or emotions associated with a stressful life event in order to avoid anxiety
- E.g. Describing murder in detail without an emotional response
A
Isolation of affect
16
Q
- Explanations of an event in order to justify outcomes or behaviors and to make them acceptable
- E.g. My boss fired me because she is not meeting her quota, not because I am underperforming
A
Rationalization
17
Q
- Unconsciously replacing warded-off feelings by emphasis on its opposite
- Doing the opposite of an unacceptable impulse
- E.g. Really sexual person becomes a monk
- E.g. Man in love with his married coworker insults her
A
Reaction formation
18
Q
- Involuntarily withholding an idea or feeling from consciousness
- E.g. Child does not remember sexual abuse
A
Suppression
19
Q
- Giving in to an impulse, even if socially inappropriate, in order to avoid the anxiety of suppressing that impulse
- E.g. Man who has been told his therapist is going on vacation “forgets” his last appointment and skips it
A
Acting out
20
Q
- Not accepting reality that is too painful
* E.g. Woman scheduled for breast biopsy cancels appointment because she believes she is healthy
A
Denial
21
Q
- Performing behaviors from an earlier stage of development in order to avoid tension associated with current phase of development
- E.g. Adult bring teddy bear when they have to spend the night in the hospital
A
Regression
22
Q
- Attributing unacceptable internal impulses to an external source
- E.g. Accusing wife of cheating because of your desire to cheat
A
Projection
23
Q
- Modeling behavior after another person who is more powerful
- E.g. Abused child becomes an abuser
A
Identification
24
Q
- Labeling people as all good or all bad
* Often seen in borderline personality disorder
A
Splitting
25
* Attempting to reverse a situation by adopting a new behavior
* E.g. Man who has had a brief fantasy of killing his wife by sabotaging her car takes the car in for a complete checkup
Undoing
26
What is psychoanalysis
♣ Goal is resolve unconscious conflicts by bringing repressed experiences and feelings into awareness and integrating them into the patient’s conscious experience
♣ Best suited patients: not psychotic, intelligent, and stable in relationships and daily living
27
What disorders do psychoanalysis work best for
* Cluster B and C personality disorders
* Anxiety disorders
* Problems coping with life events
* Sexual disorders
* Persistent depressive disorder
28
What is transference
o Projection of unconscious feelings regarding important figures in the patient’s life onto the therapist
o E.g. Patient with repressed feeling of abandonment by her father becomes angry when therapist is late for appointment
29
What is counter-transference
o Projection of unconscious feelings about import figures in therapist’s life on the patient
o Therapist must be aware of this so as not to let it interfere with objectivity
30
What is behavioral therapy
♣ Seeks to treat psychiatric disorders by helping patients change behaviors that contribute to their symptoms
31
What are the theories that suggest how behaviors are learned
- Classical conditioning = A stimulus can evoke a conditioned response (e.g. Pavlov’s dog)
- Operant conditioning
= Behaviors can be learned when followed by positive or negative reinforcement (e.g. rat learns to press lever when it receives food)
32
What is systematic desensitizon
o Patient performs relaxation techniques while being exposed to increasing doses of an anxiety-provoking stimulus
33
What is flooding and implosion
o Through habituation, the patient is confronted with a real (flooding) or imagined (implosion) anxiety-provoking stimulus and not allowed to withdraw from it until he or she feels calm and in control
o E.g. a patient with fear of flying is forced to fly on an airplane
34
What is aversion therapy
o A negative stimulus (e.g. electric shock) is repeatedly paired with specific behavior to create an unpleasant response
o Used to treat addictions or paraphilia (e.g. Antabuse for alcoholics)
35
What is token economy
o Rewards are given after specific behaviors to positively reinforce them
36
What is biofeedback
o Physiological data (such as HR and BP) are given to patients as they try to mentally control physiological states
o Can be used to treat anxiety disorders, migraines, hypertension, chronic pain, asthma, and incontinence
37
What is cognitive therapy
♣ Seeks to correct faulty assumptions and negative feelings that exacerbate psychiatric symptoms
♣ The patient is taught to identify maladaptive thoughts and replace them with positive ones
38
What is CBT
♣ Focuses on patient’s current symptoms and problems by examining the connection between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
39
Tx of borderline personality disorder
DBT
40
What is DBT
♣ A form of CBT that is effective in reducing the urges to engage in self-harm behavior and reduces hospitalizations in patients with borderline personality disorder
41
4 components of DBT
* Mindfulness = being fully aware and present in the moment
* Distress Tolerance = tolerating pain in difficult situations
* Interpersonal Effectiveness = how to ask for what you want and say no while maintaining self-respect and relationships with others
* Emotion Regulation = changing emotions that you want to change
