psychopathology night before

Question 1

cognitive characteristics of depression

Answer 1

• poor concentration
• focus on the negative
• absolutist thinking

Question 2

emotional characteristics of OCD

Answer 2

• anxiety
• depression
• guilt and disgust

Question 3

behavioural characteristics of phobias

Answer 3

panic
avoidance
endurance

Question 4

March et al

Answer 4

• 327 depressed adolescents
• 81% of both CBT and drug group improved

Question 5

emotional characteristics of depression

Answer 5

• low mood
• low self esteem
• anger

Question 6

cognitive characteristics of OCD

Answer 6

• obsessive thoughts
• cognitive coping strategies
• insight into excessive anxiety

Question 7

Persons

Answer 7

• woman with death phobia treated with flooding
• phobia of death gone, but fear of criticism got worse
• symptom substitution

Question 8

cognitive characteristics of phobias

Answer 8

• selective attention to phobic stimulus
• irrational beliefs
• cognitive distortions

Question 9

emotional characteristics of phobias

Answer 9

• anxiety
• fear
• unreasonable emotional response

Question 10

Mowrer

Answer 10

• two process model for phobias

Question 11

Taylor

Answer 11

up to 230 genes involved in OCD

Question 12

Jongh et al

Answer 12

• 73% of people with dentist phobia had experienced a traumatic event
• only 21% in control group

Question 13

Soomro et al

Answer 13

• reviewed 17 studies comparing SSRIs to placebos
• all showed SSRIs to have significantly better outcomes
• typically improved for 70% of people

Question 14

Nestadt et al

Answer 14

• 68% of MZ twins
• 31% of DZ twins
  had OCD

Question 15

behavioural characteristics of OCD

Answer 15

• repetitive compulsions
• compulsions reduce anxiety
• avoidance

Question 16

Cohen et al

Answer 16

• followed 473 adolescents
• found cognitive vulnerability predicted depression

Question 17

Gilroy et al

Answer 17

• 42 people who had spider phobia
• after 3 and 33 months, they were less fearful than a control group, who had only learned relaxation

Question 18

Ali et al

Answer 18

• 439 clients
• 53% relapsed within 1 year

Question 19

behavioural characteristics of depression

Answer 19

• lowered activity levels
• disruption to sleep and eating behaviour
• aggression and self harm

Question 20

Lewis

Answer 20

In OCD patients,
37% had OCD parents
21% had OCD siblings