Public Health Laws + Liberal Reforms Flashcards
(24 cards)
What did 1848 Public health act do?
Charged taxpayers to raise money for a local board of health
This local board was responsible for keeping streets clean and improving water supply and sewerage
Set up a general board of health for 5 years
Why was PH 1848 limited?
Because it didnt force councils to set up a local board
General board only set up for 5 years
Who was Chadwick?
Politician who believed in laissez-faire attitudes towards public health
Thought that govt. could only advise people on what to do
Why was PH 1848 good?
Step in the right direction
Showed govt. was willing to act to improve public health
What did 1875 PH act do
Councils were now forced to charge taxes to appoint local board
Councils forced to appoint:
a medical officer
Health inspector
Sanitary inspector
Why:
To make sure improvements were made
Councils were providing safe water and food on sale was of high quality
Regulated the quality of new streets + homes (to make sure no overcrowding or damp)
Who was David Lloyd George
Liberal politician
Former chancellor
Became PM in WW1
What did George propose
People’s budget
Why was PH 1875 unpopular?
Increased taxes
Why was people’s budget good
Would provide pensions
Free Meals + healthcare for poor kids
Sick pay for workers
Why was people’s budget unpopular with working class
Increased taxes
First liberal reform:
Midwifery
What were the reforms for midwifery
All babies were delivered by qualified midwives
All births had to be registered
When were free school meals introduced
1906
When were free health checks introduced
1907
When was old age pensions act
1908
When was great stink?
1858
How much was bazalgette given to build London sewers
3 million gbp
When was the Bazalgette sewer system complete?
1865
Why was bazalgette sewer good?
Separated all drinking water from sewage
So great improvement in public health
Were built larger than needed in case London grew in population (which it did)
When was the national insurance act passed
1911
What did the national insurance act do
Made employees pay 4p a day; employers 3p a day; govt. 2p a day
Into a sick workers fund
This sick workers’ fund would then be used to give 10 shillings (50 gbp today) per week to sick workers for up to 26 weeks
This money could be used for food + healthcare (whatever really)
Pros of national insurance act 1911
Meant that families still survived even when the main breadwinner was sick (couldn’t work)
Meant workers could worry less about getting sick
Limitations of NIA 1911
- didn’t directly pay for the workers’ treatment
- didn’t help terminally ill workers (only 26 weeks max)
- didn’t pay for families treatment
Impacts of NIA 1911
Showed govt. attitudes were now in stark contrast to laissez-faire attitudes from before
Showed govt. was willing to help workers
Foundation for NHS
