Women In Medicine 1800s Flashcards
(25 cards)
Attitudes towards women in medicine initially
They couldn’t handle the ‘gruesome’ nature of medicine + surgeries
Attitudes towards nursing initially
Nursing wasn’t professionalized, often just family would look after the patient
Changes in Attitudes towards (women in) nursing generally and why it changed
Florence nightingale wrote books like ‘notes on nursing’ in 1859
And was very popular back in the uk
She showed that women were able to be nurses / in medicine
And professionalized nursing
How did Florence nightingale professionalize nursing
She wrote books:
Notes on nursing 1859
She also set up the Nightingale school in 1860 at st Thomas’ hospital (which trained nurses)
She met Queen Victoria which further legitimized her
When was notes on nursing written
1859
What did notes on nursing have notes on:
How nurses should care for patients:
-importance of ventilation; light; bedding; cleanliness; spacing between patients; good food for patients
- importance of a nurse’s personal hygiene
- importance of nurse observing patient frequently
- importance of nurse reporting to the doctor immediately
How many languages was notes on nursing translated in to
11 languages
Showing great influence of her work even outside uk
Who was Elizabeth blackwell
From uk but moved to us
Where she became first female doctor
Inspired Elizabeth Garrett in 1859
Elizabeth Garrett background
Wealthy parents who didn’t want her to be a doctor
Dad then changed his mind
How did garret become a doctor
(First she became nurse at Middlesex hospital
While having private lessons and attended male-only lectures (until men complained)
Applied to study medicine at many schools but rejected from all)
MAIN PART:
Found a loophole in the system where in she could be accepted by the Society of Apothecaries
Since they didn’t specify that women couldn’t be members
She only got in because her dad was rich and threatened to sue them if the society didn’t accept her
The society changed their laws immediately after accepting her in 1865
When was Garrett accepted by society of apothecaries
1865
When did she become the first female member of the British medical association
1874
How long was Garrett the only female member of the BMA
19 years
Where did Garrett get her medical degree
Paris
Who was Sophia Jex-blake
She led four other women and persuaded Uni of Edinburgh to let them study medicine in 1869
When was Sophia jex-Blake accepted by Uni of Edinburgh
1869
What did Jex-Blake and co. And also Garrett face (at Uni of Edinburgh and at the society of apothecaries respectively)
Lots of harassment and opposition from other students
In the Uni students’ case they weren’t allowed to do practical work
Uni students also had to pay extra fees since they were taught separately
When were the uni students kicked from uni of Edinburgh?
1874
They claimed they didn’t have the authority to admit them in the first place
Where did the uni students go
Abroad to get medical degrees
Impact of jex-Blake and co
They pushed for reform in universities
showed their determination to become doctors
Showed women were capable of becoming doctors (weren’t squeamish and what not)
Created the London school of medicine for women in 1874 (with Elizabeth Garrett)
And also the Act of Parliament in 1876 which forced unis and schools to accept women
When was the London school of medicine for women made
1874
When was the act of parliament passed which forced all universities and societies to accept women to become doctors/students
1876
Impacts of the act of parliament
Not much, as still not many women became doctors
Only 65 in 1891
How many female doctors in the uk by 1891
65
