Pulmonary Pathologies and Meds

Question 1

What is the primary muscle(s) of inspiration?

Answer 1

• Diphragm (#1)

- External intercostals

Question 2

What is the criteria for Chronic Bronchitis?

Answer 2

Productive cough for 3 months over 2 consecutive years

Question 3

What is Asthma?

Answer 3

Chronic inflammation of the airways caused by an increased airway hypersensitivity to various stimuli

Question 4

What conditions cause Atelectasis?

Answer 4

Conditions and factors that prevent deep breathing

Question 5

What is Pneumonia?

Answer 5

Inflammation if the lungs

Question 6

What is Empyema?

Answer 6

Inflection of fluid in a pleural effusion

Question 7

What is Cystic Fibrosis (CF)?

Answer 7

Disease of exocrine glands producing thick, sticky mucus.
Affects: 
- lungs
- pancreas
- liver
- intestines
- sinuses
- sex organs

Question 8

What is Pulmonary Edema?

Answer 8

Fluid collects in the alveoli within the lungs

Question 9

What is the prognosis for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)?

Answer 9

• Fatal in 25%-40%

- When not fatal: May not regain full lung function for 1 year.

Question 10

What is Emphysema?

Answer 10

• Gradual destruction of alveolar walls

- Alveoli become large, pocketed with gaping holes

Question 11

What pulmonary diseases are mostly caused by smoking?

Answer 11

• Bronchiol Carcinoma

- COPD: Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis

Question 12

What usually causes Bronchiectasis?

Answer 12

• Chronic infections
• Aspiration
• Cystic fibrosis
• Immune system impariments

Question 13

What is Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)?

Answer 13

Sudden respiratory failure due to fluid accumulation in the alveoli.

Question 14

What is Bronchitis?

Answer 14

Inflammation of bronchi

• Hypertrophy of mucus secreting glands
• Increased mucus secretions
• Insufficient O2

Question 15

What is the prognosis for patients with Emphysema?

Answer 15

• Alveoli permanently overinflated

- Dead space increases in lungs

Question 16

What diseases makes up Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD)?

Answer 16

• Emphysema

- Chronic Bronchitis

Question 17

What is Bronchiectasis?

Answer 17

Obstructive lung disease - produces abnormal dilation of a bronchus

• Progressive
• Irreversible

Question 18

What causes Cystic Fibrosis (CF)?

Answer 18

Autosomal recessive genetic disease

- Inherit two bad copies of the CF gene

Question 19

What is Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD)?

Answer 19

Group of lung disease - block airflow due to narrowing

Question 20

Who is affected by Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)?

Answer 20

critically ill or have significant injuries

Question 21

What causes Pulmonary Edema?

Answer 21

Left ventricle unable to pump blood adequately

Question 22

What is Atelectasis?

Answer 22

Condition in which one or more areas of the lungs collapse or do not inflate properly

Question 23

What is Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Answer 23

Microscopic damage to the alveoli causes irreversible scarring of interstitial tissue

Question 24

What is the primary muscle(s) of forceful expiration?

Answer 24

• Rectus abdominis
• Internal and External obliques
• Transverse abdominis

Question 25

What is a Bronchial Carcinoma?

Answer 25

aka lung cancer

- any epithelial carcinoma occurring in the bronchopulmonary tree

Question 26

What is the prognosis for Acute Pulmonary Edema?

Answer 26

Medical Emergency!

Question 27

What is Pleural Effusion?

Answer 27

Buildup of pleural space between lungs and chest cavity

Question 28

What is the primary muscle(s) of quiet expiration?

Answer 28

None. Passive recoil of lungs and rib cage