Pulp and Paper Technology Flashcards
(35 cards)
PAPER is initially invented in ___________
Ancient China
was later preceded in the Mediterranean world and pre-Columbian Americas
using the ________
papyrus
The word “paper” is basically derived from _______, the ancient Greek name for the _________ plant.
papyrus; Cyperus papyrus
a thick, paper-like material produced from the pith of the Cyperus papyrus
Plant
papyrus
a type of premature bark paper; was in use as a folded writing
material for codices in the pre-Columbian Americas
AMATE
The most primitive sample of amate belonging to the shaft tomb ethnicity was found at _____ near the Magdalena Municipality, Jalisco, Mexico.
Huitzilapa
TYPES OF CHEMICAL PULPING:
1.alkaline media or Krajt process,
2.sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium
3.sulfide (NaS2) containing liquor are used to
cook the woodchips
4.sulfide process uses a mixture of sulfurous
acid (H2SO3) and bisulfide ions (HSO3 − ) as
acidic media
lower in quality which is
highly colored and comprises of short fibers
Mechanical pulping process
_________________ methodology carried in alkaline or acidic media is
mostly preferred
chemical pulping
PRODUCTION OF WHITE PAPER: approximately _______ of the lignin that come out from the initial or raw materials cannot be removed during the pulp processing and it is responsible for the end product’s dark color
5%–10%
Five or optional six treatment steps for white paper:
- Elemental chlorine (C1),
- Alkali (E1),
- Optional hypochlorite (H) stage,
- Chlorine dioxide (D1),
- Alkali (E2), and
- Chlorine dioxide (D2)
Commercial planting of mulberry trees started as early as in the _______ to compose pulp for papermaking
6th century
Chinese paper industry continued to grow as a result of ______________ advancements under the Song Empire to balance the growing demand for printed
books.
printing technology
Demand for paper was also enthused by the Song government, which required a large paper supply for exchange certificate and paper money printing.
true
At the _________, Apsley, Hertfordshire in 1803, the earliest mechanized paper machine was installed and it is followed by the installation of another machine in 1804.
Frogmore Mill
It has been projected that the amount of paper that will be produced in 2020 is ______ million tons
500
Pulp and paper industry comes under the most __________consuming industry in the globe and this industry is the fifth largest energy consumer
water and energy
approximately _____ of the total energy is used worldwide by
these industries
4%
paper and board industry faces a series of challenges to the
generation of large amounts of _______ whose disposal entails significant costs
wastes
Substantial quantity of water is used in paper production processes, wherein, according to the quality and kind of
paper manufactured, the water consumption amount differs
true
Larger amount of waste is produced during pulp and paper
process, wherein both pulp and bleaching processes generate ______ and _______
waste and waste water
these industries released ____ million kg of toxic pollutants
every year
100
(ragger, heavy, coarse, and fine); formed during the utilization
of PFR (paper for recycling), which may comprise fiber lumps, plastics,
metals, sand, and glass.
Rejects
formed while deinking of PFR; it includes typically
short fibers/fines, inorganic fillers in addition to ink particles.
Deinking sludge
