Pyloric Stenosis Flashcards
(11 cards)
What is pyloric stenosis?
Hypertrophy and narrowing of pylorus, preventing food passage from stomach to duodenum.
The pylorus is the opening from the stomach into the duodenum.
What is the typical age of presentation for pyloric stenosis?
<3 months of age.
Most cases present within the first few months of life.
What are common clinical features of pyloric stenosis?
- Hungry
- Thin
- Pale
- Failing to thrive
- Forceful or projectile vomiting
- Visible peristalsis on abdominal examination
- Firm round mass in upper abdomen ‘like a large olive’
These features help in recognizing the condition in infants.
What is the key presenting feature of pyloric stenosis?
Forceful or projectile vomiting.
This is a hallmark symptom that distinguishes pyloric stenosis from other conditions.
What is the significance of peristalsis in pyloric stenosis?
It may be seen on abdominal observation after feeding.
This indicates the stomach’s attempts to push food through the narrowed pylorus.
What abnormality is revealed by an ABG test in pyloric stenosis?
Hypochloric metabolic alkalosis.
This occurs due to the loss of gastric acid from vomiting.
How is pyloric stenosis diagnosed?
Abdominal ultrasound scan to visualize thickened pylorus.
This non-invasive imaging technique is a standard diagnostic tool.
What is the treatment for pyloric stenosis?
Laparoscopic pyloromyotomy.
This surgical procedure involves cutting the muscle of the pylorus to relieve obstruction.
What is the prognosis post-surgery for pyloric stenosis?
Good.
Most children recover well after the procedure with appropriate management.
Fill in the blank: Pyloric stenosis involves _______ and narrowing of the pylorus.
hypertrophy.
Fill in the blank: Projectile vomiting in pyloric stenosis can eject feed into the _______.
oesophagus.
