QTS cards - Cardio Pharm

Question 1

indomethacin

Answer 1

closes PDA

Question 2

IVAbradine

Answer 2

Inhibit funny If

negative chronotropic

Question 3

dypiridamole

regadeNOson

Answer 3

vasodilators

Question 4

Verapamil

Diltiazem

Answer 4

non-dihydropyridines
block initial Ca influx (voltage-dependent l-type ca channels) –> Dec contractility

AE - Negative chronotropic - Dec HR, Dec BP (severe in pts on B-blocker)
constipation

Question 5

nitroprusside AE

Answer 5

cyanide toxicity

Question 6

Cyanide toxicity tx

Answer 6

sodium nitrate - methemoglobin
sodium thiosulfate - sulfur donor
hydroxocobalamin - bind cobalt

Question 7

isosorbide dinitrate

Answer 7

oral

high first pass metabolism - need higher dose

Question 8

Nitrate tolerance tx

Answer 8

Nitrate Free period

avoid tolerance

Question 9

Nitrate AE

Answer 9

lightheadness, hypotension, flushing, HA throbbing

Question 10

STATIN - MOA

HMG-COa reductase inhibitors

Answer 10

Dec hepatic cholesterol synthesis

by INC hepatocyte LDL receptor recycling to INC LDL clearance

Question 11

STATIN - AE

HMG-COa reductase inhibitors

Answer 11

hepatotoxic (check LFTs)

myopathy, myalgias
INC CK - myonecrosis

Question 12

Fribrates

Gemfibrozil, -Fibrate

Answer 12

DEC TRIGLYCERIDES

up regulate LPL
activates PPAR-a –> DEC hepatic VLDL production

AE: myopathy, cholesterol gallstones
(INHIBIT cholesterol 7-a-hydroxylase; dec bile acid production –> cholesterol precipitate)

Question 13

Digoxin

Answer 13

MOA - Inhibit Na/K pump: DEC Na efflux –> Dec Ca efflux

slow AV conduction (Inc parasympathetic tone), but atrial flutter

HF tx
AE - YELLOW vision, nausea, vomit, flushing, diaphoresis (cholinergic)
hyperkalemia - arrhythmia =(

Inc toxicity - DEC renal clearance

Question 14

Disopyramide

Answer 14

class IA 
Inhibit Na-channel (depress phase 0 depolarization)
Inhibit K-channel (Inc depolarization)

Question 15

LidocAiNe

Answer 15

class IB
bind and block activated and inactivated Na channels

V Tach tx - 2nd line
affects ischemic ventricular tissue

Question 16

Flecainide

Answer 16

class IC
INC QRS - inhibit Na
no change in QT interval

Question 17

Class I - Na channel blocker

Answer 17

anti-arrhythmia
IC>IA>IB

IC - most use dependence

Question 18

class III - K channel blocker
AIDS

Answer 18

anti-arrhythmia
INC AP duration
INC QT interval - lower incidence of torsade de points

Question 19

Amiodarone AE

Answer 19

class III
hepatotoxic
pulmonary fibrosis - check PFTs
thyroid toxic - check TSH

Question 20

Sotalol AE

Answer 20

class III
torsade de pointes (syncope + polymorphic QRS that changes in amplitude, cycle)

Question 21

Adenosine

Answer 21

anti-arrhythmia (IV)
DOC x SVT - sudden onset of palpitation

Prolong Phase 4 (Inc K out –> hyper polarization, Dec Ca current)

AE - flushing, chest pain, bronchospasm/burning chest, SOB

use x chemical stress test

Question 22

Nitrate effect

Answer 22

DEC end systolic LV volume (bc decrease preload)
Dec O2 demand

INC HR (reflex tachy)

Question 23

Ca channel blockers

Answer 23

VErapamil > diltiazem > amlodipine

Bradycardia, slow AV conduction

AE - peripheral edema

Question 24

Ca channel blocker vascular smooth muscle

Answer 24

amlodipine = nifedipine > diltiazem > verapamil

vasodilator

Question 25

Non-selective B blockers

Answer 25

exacerbate and mask hypoglycemia severe sx | bc Ne/Epi block response

Question 26

Ezetimibe

Answer 26

prevent cholesterol absorption at small intestine brush border

Question 27

CHOLESTyramine | Bile acid resins

Answer 27

prevent bile acid reabsorption Inc liver CHOLESTerol synthesis Inc triglyceride

Question 28

B-blocker toxicity

Answer 28

Glucagon (Inc cAMP)

Question 29

nitrate

Answer 29

sublingual Dilate veins >> arteries Dec preload = Dec LV volume

Question 30

Class III anti-arrhythmics | AIDS

Answer 30

Amiodarone Ibutilide Dofetilide Sotalol Prolong Phase 3 - depolarization INC QT

Question 31

BENZtropine

Answer 31

muscarinic antagonist | TX: PARKinson Dz, acute dystonia

Question 32

Nimodipine

Answer 32

Ca channel blocker dihydropyridines - act on vascular smooth muscle TX x SAH (prevent cerebral vasospasm)

Question 33

Hydralazine

Answer 33

Vasodilator ARTERIES>veins Dec vascular resistance --> Inc sympathetic --> INC fluid and sodium retention (RAAS)

Question 34

Niacin

Answer 34

INC HDL | AE - flushing face (INC prostaglandin)

Question 35

FenolDOPAm

Answer 35

TX - Hypertensive crisis DOPAmine-1 receptor agonist Dec BP, Inc natriuresis

Question 36

sotalol

Answer 36

``` Torsade de pointes class III ```