QTS cards - Neuro Flashcards
(26 cards)
pilocarpine
carbachol
direct cholnomimetics
INC outflow of aqueous humor
latANOprost
prostaglandins
INC outflow of aqueous humor
Opiods
diphenoxylate, LOPERAMIDE
pinpoint pupil
tolerance does NOT develop to mitosis and constipation
AE - contraction own smooth muscle –> biliary colic
diarrhea
ethoSUXimide
sucks to have silent (absence) seizures
MOA: Dec calcium current in thalamic neurons
benzodiazepines AE
diaZEpam, loraZEpam
Zedation, confusion
Inc t1/2 in elderly - iNC toxicity
phenytoin
status epilepticus
MOA - inc NA channel inactivation (dec Na current in cortical neurons)
given IV with lorazepam
AE: gingival hyperplasia
CARbAmazepine tx
1st line for trigeminal neuralgia
TX - seizures
AE - agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia
VAlproIC acid
valproate
tx - myoclonIC seizures, bipolar disorder, absence + tonic-clonic seizures
BIPOLAR DISORDER TX
INC Na channel inactivation
inhibition GABA transaminase (INC GABA concentration)
phenoBARBItal
1st one in neonates x seizures
lamoTRIGINE AE
SJS - skin rash
Barbiturates
Thiopental
induction of anesthesia
rapid plasma decay bc redistribution to skeletal muscle and adipose tissue
FRENZOdiazepines MOA, AE
-am
INC frequency of Cl- channel opening - facilitate GABAa
DEC AP firing
confusion, anterograde amnesia, psychomotor retardation
ATOM Alprazolam Triazolam Oxazepam Midazolam
short t1/2 FRENZOdiazepines
avoids AE (no fatigue, impaired judgement)
LOT
Lorazepam
Temazepam
Oxazepam
FRENZOdiazepines
use in pts with liver failure
ZZZZolpidem
ONbenzodiazepine hypnotics
NO dependence habit
Halothane
INC lipid - INC potency
INC in blood - slow induction time
large blood/gas partition coefficient
AE - malignant hyperthermia (fever, spasms), hepatotoxic
tx - dANTROlene
succinylcholine
rapid sequence intubation onset
strong Ach receptor agonist
sustained depolarization and prevents muscle contraction
Phase 1 - prolonged depolarization
phase 2 - depolarized block
AE - hyperkalemia
Benzodiazepine tx
Lorazepam
Diazepam
status epileptics
Inc frequent of Cl channel - facilitate GABAa
(Enhanced postsynaptic chloride influx)
BAclofen
GABA-B receptor agonist
tx - spasticity in MS
also use Tizanidine
Bromocriptine
Pramipexole (non-ergot)
directly stimulates dopamine receptors
dANTROle
prevents release of Ca into cytoplasm of muscle fibers
at ryanodine receptor
CARBidopa
INC l-DOPA availability
inhibit DOPA deCARBoxylase
blocks L-dopa to dopa conversion (Dec AE, INC brain toxicity)
entaCOMTpone
INC l-DOPA availability
inhibit COMT
prevent l-dopa degradation to 3-O-methyldopa
SELEgiline
selectively inhibit MAO-B
prevent dopamine breakdown - INC dopa
parkinsons tx
