QTS cards - Pharm (Biochem, Micro, Immune, Pharm Section FA)

Question 1

Cyclosporine

Tacrolimus

Answer 1

immunosuppressant
Inhibit Calcineurin
prevent IL-2 transcription (DEC proliferation.differentation of T lymphocytes)

metabolized by CYP450
inhibit by GRAPEFRUIT

CYCLO - highest toxicity - narrow spectrum

Question 2

AzathioPRINE

6-MCP

Answer 2

precursor of 6-mercaptoPURINE
activated by HGPRT

INC toxicity with allopurinol (inhibit xanthine oxidase)

Question 3

RiTUXimab

Answer 3

CD20

b-cell non-hodgkin lymphoma

Question 4

OmALiZumab

Answer 4

anti-IgE antibody
ALlergic aZthma
dec dependency on steroids

Question 5

RANIbizumab

bEVacizumab

Answer 5

anti-VEGF

neovascular age-related macular degeneration

Question 6

ACH direct agonist AE

Answer 6

nausea, vomit, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, dyspnea, INC secretion (sweat, lacrimation, salivation)

Question 7

Bethanechol

Answer 7

direct ACH agonist
TX - atonic bladder (non obstructive bladder)

activates bowel and bladder smooth muscle
resistant to AChE

Question 8

Methacholine

Answer 8

Muscarinic
Challenge text for ASTHMA
(NEG = NO asthma)

Question 9

edroPHONium

Answer 9

INDIRECT agonist (ANTIAChE)
tension test for MG
Improve with RX - INC pyridostigmine dose

Question 10

PHYSostigmine

Answer 10

INDIRECT agonist (ANTIAChE)
TX - ATROPINE overdose (anticholinergic toxicity)
TX- Jimson weed - gardener pupil myadrisis

Question 11

pyridostigmine

Answer 11

MG

Question 12

SCOPOlamine

Answer 12

selective muscarinic Ach receptor antagonist

motion sickness
tx x AE of Ach inhibitor

AE - dry mouth

Question 13

Albuterol

Answer 13

B2 agonist

acute asthma

Question 14

Salmeterol

Answer 14

B2 agonist

long term asthma or COPD

Question 15

Phentolamine

Answer 15

reversible A-block

tx - NE extravation

Question 16

-Osin

Answer 16

A1 - block selective

TX - BPH, HTN

Question 17

Esmolol, Metoprolol

ECG effect

Answer 17

B- Blocker
prolong PR interval
tx - SVT (dec AV conduction)

Question 18

B1-Blocker

HTN tx

Answer 18

B1 = A to M
Dec Heart
DEC renin secretion 
JGA block
no change in bradykinin

Question 19

B-Block

MI

Answer 19

DEC mortality

Question 20

B-Blocker CI

Answer 20

in pts with asthma, COPD

Question 21

B1- block selective

A-M

Answer 21

pts with lung problem
coronary artery dz
HF, HTN

Question 22

Nonelective B-block

N-Z

Answer 22

B1 = B2

Question 23

propanolol

Answer 23

DEC peripheral conversion of T4-T3
Inhibit iodothyronine deiodinase

dec sympathetic - dec thyrotoxic sx

Question 24

Sirolimus

Answer 24

inhibits mTOR

prevent IL2 response

Question 25

Oral retinoic acid | isotretinoin

Answer 25

TX - acne CI in pregnancy (check B-hCG) A toxicity

Question 26

atropine | Jimson weed

Answer 26

muscarinic antagonist toxicity: Hot, Dry, Red - flushed skin, cyclopedia, Mad (confuse, delirium, psychosis, disorientation) does NOT reverse skeletal or CNS toxicity - bc nicotinic TX x overdose - Physostigmine AE - acute angle closure glaucoma

Question 27

phenoxybenzamine

Answer 27

TX pheochromocytoma pre-op to prevent catecholamine HTN crisis Competitive antagonist of Ne (Dec Vmax; irreversible bind alpha receptors)

Question 28

PILOcarpine

Answer 28

``` muscarinic agonist Pupillary constriction (contrast ciliary muscle, pupillary sphincter) ``` stimulates share, tears, saliva

Question 29

Infliximab | Adalimumab

Answer 29

antibody to TNF-a

Question 30

eTaNerCEPT

Answer 30

recombinant/decoy TNF-a receptor

Question 31

Isoprotenerol

Answer 31

B1=B2 Dec vascular resistance (vasodilation) Inc cardiac contractility

Question 32

Milrinone

Answer 32

Inhibit PDE3 INC Ca --> Inc contractility INC cAMP --> Inc vasodilation

Question 33

CYP 450 Inducers

Answer 33

``` Carbamazepine Griseofulvin Phenobarbital Phenytoin Rifampin ```

Question 34

CYP450 Inhibitors

Answer 34

``` Azole anti fungal Cimetidine Ciprofloxacin Erythromycin Grapefruit juice Isoniazid Ritonavir (protease inhibitor) ```

Question 35

Timolol

Answer 35

Dec secretion of aqueous humor - glaucoma target ciliary epithelium

Question 36

TX: HF to increase survival

Answer 36

B-Blockers ACE inhibitors Angiotensin II receptor blocker aldosterone antagonists (spironolactone, eplerenone)

Question 37

diMERCApROL

Answer 37

antidote MERCury Arsenic (garlic breath) gOLd

Question 38

abSIXimab

Answer 38

gp IIa/IIIb antagonist (2x3=6) | NO platelet plug

Question 39

vireNICLINE

Answer 39

partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor | Dec craving, Dec pleasure of nicotine nicotine decline

Question 40

DObutamine

Answer 40

D1=D2 > B > a via Gs protein-adenylate cyclase activation

Question 41

Methotrexate

Answer 41

can be rescue with Leucovorin (N5- formyl tetrahydrofolate) Fluorouracil 5-FU cannot

Question 42

essential tremor tx

Answer 42

B-blocker

Question 43

rasbURIcase

Answer 43

recombinant version of rate oxidase converts uric acid into allantoin (soluble metabolite)