QTS cards - Heme/Onc Pharm

Question 1

Hydroxyurea

Answer 1

TX sickle cell (INC HbF)

+ hydration

Question 2

glucose and heme

Answer 2

TX acute intermittent porphyria

Inhibit ALA synthase

Question 3

Fresh frozen plasma

Answer 3

TX DIC, cirrhosis, immediate WARFARIN reversal, RODENTiades (rat poison)

Question 4

heparin

Answer 4

monitor PTT

binds antithrombin III (potentiates and activates the action of antithrombin III)

Question 5

warfarin

Answer 5

Inhibit vitamin K epoxide reductase

DEC 2, 7, 9, 10 and protein C, S

chronic anticoagulation (pts with mechanical prosthetic valves)

INC PT
adjust dose in pts taking CYP450 drugs
(inhibiting hepatic drug metabolism)

Question 6

aspirin

Answer 6

IRREversibly inhibits COX I, II by covalent acetylation

COX-1 in platelets

prevent cardiovascular event

Question 7

NSAIDs

Answer 7

diclofenac, ibuprofen, indomethacin

reversible inhibit COX I, II

Question 8

Clopidogrel

Answer 8

irreversibly block ADP receptor (P2Y12)
INHibit platelet aggregation

TX acute coronary syndrome
stable angina

use in pts with allergy to aspirin - same efficacy

Question 9

Methotrexate AE

Answer 9

hepatotoxicity - liver function test
pulmonary fibrosis - baseline X-Ray
mucositis (mouth ulcers)

Question 10

Doxorubicin AE

Answer 10

cardiotoxic - do baseline ECHO

Question 11

Vincristine AE

Answer 11

vinca alkaloids that bind B-tubuiln -I inhibit mitotic spindle formation (M-phase arrest)

neurotoxicity, areflexia, peripheral neuritis (finger numb/tingling)

Question 12

a) NSAIDs, Glucocorticoids

b) DMA - methotrexate sulfasalazine

Answer 12

TX RA
a - rapid relief
b - take weeks to improve sx

Question 13

NSAIDs - TX gout

Answer 13

Inhibit prostaglandin (Inhibit loop diuretic effect)
Inhibit neutrophil

Question 14

NSAIDs

Answer 14

Ibuprofen
naproxen
indomethacin 
ketorolac
diclofenac

Question 15

NSAIDs predictable AE

Answer 15

upper GI heme

Question 16

cisplatin

Answer 16

MOA: cross-link DNA

AE: ototoxic, nephrotoxic

Question 17

cilostazol

dipyridamole

Answer 17

Inhibit platelet aggregation

direct vasodilators

Question 18

RaloxifEn

Answer 18

block ER+ (breast cancer prevention)
NO inc for endometrial cancer
Prevent osteoporosis

Question 19

Heparin toxicity

Answer 19

Protamine sulfate

Question 20

warfarin toxicity

Answer 20

Vitamin K

Fresh Frozen Plasma in emergency

Question 21

Desmopressin

Answer 21

Hemophilia A tx
Inc factor VIII levels
Inc vWF secretion from endothelial cells

Question 22

Methotrexate

Answer 22

inhibits DHF reductase
–> accumulation of folic acid and DHF in cell

can be rescue with leucovorin (folinic acid)

Question 23

Tamoxifen

Answer 23

antagonist at breast
agonist at endometrium - INC endometrial hyperplasia

tx - gynecomastia

Question 24

placiTAXel

TAXols

Answer 24

MT inhibitors - M phase arrest
Inhibit cellular division

prevents stent restenosis by preventing intimal hyperplasia

Question 25

thrombolytics | "TEPLASE"

Answer 25

tx - early MI | AE - bleeding (ICH)

Question 26

rivaroXaBAN | apiXaBAN

Answer 26

BAN Xa inhibit factor Xa direct Inc PTT, PT prophylaxis DVT, PE

Question 27

tPA please sterpkinase

Answer 27

TX early MI | direct thrombolysis of severe PE

Question 28

argaTROBAN

Answer 28

direct ThROmbin inhibitors TX x Heparin-Induced thrombocytopenia

Question 29

eTOPOside

Answer 29

inhibits TOPOisomerase II

Question 30

Erythopoiesis-stimulating agents AE | ESAs

Answer 30

thromboembolic event | HTN

Question 31

Cromolyn

Answer 31

prevents mast cell degranulation asthma prophylaxis

Question 32

cyclophosphamide

Answer 32

alkylating agent cross-link DNA at guanine N-7 (affect DNA replication) require bioactivation by liver

Question 33

bEVacizumab

Answer 33

monoclonal humanized antibody against VEGF | inhibits angiogenesis