Quarter 1 Week 4 [School-based] Flashcards
(35 cards)
In the Hierarchy of Life, there is something in between the cell and organ, called________
tissues
how do we form tissues?
when we combine cells, we form tissues. If you form a specific group of cells, they form specialized tissues with distinct functions
4 Types of Tissues:
Epithelial Tissues
Connective Tissues
Muscle Tissues
Nervous Tissue
Describe Eptithelial Tissues
- seen outside the body
if it is seen outside the body, then its main function is to act as a cover
for example, skin…which is the biggest organ in the body and is a type of epithelial tissue
(also known as Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium)
if it is seen inside the body, examples include the linings of our mouth or small intestine because not all epithelial tissues are seen outside the body
- characterized by closely-joined cells with tight junction
seen outside the body and characterized by closely-joined cells with tight junction
epithelial tissues
Nomenclature Rule in Naming Epithelial Tissues
- First, look at the layers of the cell…if it is ONE layer only, then it is SIMPLE
if it is TWO OR MORE layers, then it is STRATIFIED
But we have something without a clear classification, called pseudostratified from the word “pseudo” meaning fake..because the arrangement of cell nucleus does not appear to be linear - Second, look at the shape of the cell present in the tissue
Cuboidal - square
Columnar - rectangle
Squamous - flat - We got keratinied because it’s what the skin is made of
Function and Arrangement of Epithelial Tissue
Cuboidal
Simple Columnar
Simple Squamous
Stratified Squamous
Pseudo-stratified Columnar
Describe Cuboidal Epithelial Tissue
Mainly for secretion
One-way; it just secretes
4 Famous Examples:
1. Sweat Glands - secretes sweat
2. Oil Glands - secretes oil
3. Ceruminous Gland - secretes cerumen (earwax)
4. Mammary Gland - secretes breast milk
Describe Simple Columnar
brick-shaped
secretes and actively absorbs
Describe Simple Columnar
brick-shaped cells
two-way and actively absorbs
Describe Pseudo-stratified Columnar
single layer of cells but may look stacked because of varying height
found in linings of respiratory tract usually in lined with cilia
it filters air that we inhale so that we inhale clean air
the hair in our nose (cilia) is usually embedded in a pseudostratified columnar tissue
Describe Pseudo-stratified Columnar
single layer of cells but may look stacked because of varying height
found in linings of respiratory tract usually in lined with cilia
it filters air that we inhale so that we inhale clean air
the hair in our nose (cilia) is usually embedded in a pseudostratified columnar tissue
Describe Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissues
plate-like cells that are thin and flat
for material diffusion (e.g the linings of our small intestine which absorbs nutrients efficiently and for fast penetration of materials)
Describe Stratified Squamous
multi-layered and generates quickly for protection
(e.g protection from harmful UV rays of temperature)
What is Connective Tissue?
Tissue that gives structure and support to organs or other tissues in the body
Maintains the form of the body as a whole which is the reason why we can stand and move
Types of Connective Tissue
Blood
Connective Tissue Proper
Cartilage
Bone
Describe Blood
for support (since it can’t provide structure) and is the softest connective tissue
provides support through supplying oxygen to other organs in the body through BLOOD CIRCULATION
distributes and resupplies nutrients and needed materails that other organs are lacking
Describe the 2 Types of Connective Tissue Proper
Loose Connective Tissue Proper (Areolar Tissue)
- made up of fats and lipids to keep our body on a normal temperature
[e.g inside a cinema, we shake because our muscles involuntarily contract to produce heat through vibration]
Collagenous Fibers (Ligaments and Tendons)
ligaments - bone-bone
tendons - muscle-bone
Describe Cartilage
Cushion between bones
Found between bones or joints because they need something to act as some sort of cushion for them not to collide
It’s like a pillow that receives pressure when we exert force and prevent breakage from the collision of bones
If the cartilage wears thin, that’s when we get arthritis
*Patella - kneecap, it’s a bone
Describe What a Bone Is
It’s hard because it’s a mineralized connective tissue
It’s what provides structure to the body or it’s the structure itself for physical framework
A new-born baby has ________ bones because it hasn’t diffused yet
300 bones
the baby’s skull has ______ bones (with spaces) 2 months below and as we get older, it becomes 1
4
the baby’s skull has ______ bones (with spaces) 2 months below and as we get older, it becomes 1
4
strongest and largest bone
femur
