Quarter 1 Week 5 [School-based]

Question 1

the cell cycle only ends when the cell is _________ or _________….if not, it goes on

Answer 1

damaged or mutated

Question 2

A series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides

Answer 2

cell cycle

Question 3

life cycle of a cell

Answer 3

cell cycle

Question 4

the two main stages of a cell cycle that keeps on repeating in a loop

Answer 4

growth and division
growth stage: interphase
division stage: mitotic phase/mitosis

Question 5

the main purpose of a cell cycle is ________

Answer 5

TO MAKE NEW CELLS

Question 6

A process through which cells replicate and make 2 new cells

Answer 6

Cell Cycle

Question 7

2 Types of Cells in the Body

Answer 7

Somatic
Gametes

Question 8

describe somatic cells

Answer 8

also called body cells (undergo mitosis)…all the other cells except egg and sperm cell

Question 9

describe gametes

Answer 9

also called “sex cells” (undergo meiosis)…egg and sperm cell

Question 10

doesn’t undergo mitosis nor meiosis because it doesn’t regenerate

Answer 10

neurons

Question 11

Important Tasks of Cell Cycle

Answer 11

• grow and develop
• duplicate its genetic materials
• physically split into two daughter cells

Question 12

longest stage in mitosis and 80% of the cell cycle is being spent on this

Answer 12

Interphase

Question 13

Under Interphase we have

Answer 13

G1 Phase, S Phase (DNA Replication), G2 Phase

Question 14

Under the Mitotic Phase we have

Answer 14

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

Question 15

3 building blocks in the human body

Answer 15

triglyceride and fatty acids - fats and lipids
Amino acids - protein
Monosaccharide - carbohydrates

Question 16

What happens in G1 Phase

Answer 16

• cells grow physically longer and wider (more on length)
• duplicates organelles
• makes molecular building blocks

Question 17

Events that take place in S Phase

Answer 17

• DNA replicates
• organelle called centrosome forms (responsible for the division of DNA in S Phase)

Question 18

what happens during G2 Phase

Answer 18

• cell grows more
• makes macromolecules
• reorganizes its contents

Question 19

G0 Phase or Gap Zero Phase

Answer 19

• A phase of inactiveness
• The cell does its job but is not preparing for cell division (e.g liver cells frequently undergo this)
• Also called “resting phase”

Question 20

Division Stage and the purpose is to divide the cell

Answer 20

Mitotic Phase or M Phase

Question 21

Describe M Phase

Answer 21

• a phase where the cell divides its copied DNA and cytoplasm to make new cells
• 2 division related processes include: karyokinesis and cytokinesis

Question 22

Describe Karyokinesis

Answer 22

Division of DNA

Because it’s in the Nucleus, the nucleus also divides
Has 5 stages (Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase)

Question 23

Describe Cytokinesis

Answer 23

Division of Cytoplasm

because the formula for cytoplasm is cytosol + organelles, we divide the cytosol and the organelles in it

Question 24

What happens in Prophase

Answer 24

1. Nuclear Envelop disintegrates (to allow the penetration of spindle fibers that will later on connect to the chromosomes)
2. Chromosomes become double stranded (it is single stranded during interphase)
3. Centrosome produces ropelike projections called “spindle fibers” and moves towards the nucleus

Question 25

What happens in Prometaphase?

Answer 25

From a disarranged state, it moves the chromosomes towards the middle

Question 26

What happens in Metaphase?

Answer 26

1. The chromosomes are already lined up now 2. The spindle fibers connect to the center of the chromosomes and the point of connection is called "centromere"

Question 27

What happens in Anaphase?

Answer 27

1. Spindle fibers shorten 2. Centromere breaks, dividing the chromosome into 2

Question 28

What happens in Telophase?

Answer 28

1. Nuclear envelope reappears 2. The chromosomes become single-stranded again

Question 29

Explain the processes that happen during the cytokinesis in animal cells

Answer 29

- uses contractile ring that clinches the center of the cell (analogy to longganisa) - point of intersection is called "cleavage furrow" (the one that breaks)

Question 30

Explain the processes that happen during the cytokinesis in plant cells

Answer 30

- uses golgi vesicle - the golgi vesicle goes to the center, hardens, and becomes a cell plate - the cell plate disintegrates and becomes a cell wall, fully dividing the cell into 2

Question 31

3 Significances of Cell Cycle

Answer 31

1. Growth and development 2. Repair and regeneration 3. Reproduction

Question 32

unity of two cells (egg an sperm) form____________

Answer 32

zygote

Question 33

we grow because of _______...because number of cells in the body determine our size

Answer 33

cell cycle mitosis

Question 34

when we are wounded, we heal because of _________

Answer 34

cell cycle mitosis

Question 35

people that have ober mitosis and larger wounds instead of flat ones are called ________ people

Answer 35

keloidal

Question 36

reproduction for unicellular organisms is called _______

Answer 36

binary fission

Question 37

reproduction for unicellular organisms is called _______

Answer 37

binary fission