QUEEEEZ TREEEE Flashcards
(81 cards)
Osmosis: ____ moves ___ a concentration gradient
water; down
Osmolarity presents challenges for:
-terrestrial animals
-terrestrial plants
marine animals
Most water loss by terrestrial organisms thru ___
evaporation
What happens to the gradient as moisture is added to the air?
Gradient becomes LESS pronounced
Where should evaporative coolers work best?
Warm, dry climates
Water vapor density =
amount of water vapor/ volume of air
In the___ the air at the surface of the planet can hold alot of water
Tropics
Why does the plant hold a lot of water vapor at the tropics?
HIGH saturation water vapor density because the air is warm in temperature
Greater percentage of water in ocean or freshwater?
Freshwater
In an isoosmotic aquatic organisms the internal concenration of water and salt is
EQUAL to their concentrations in the environment
What happens to water and salt in an isoosmotic organism?
Salt and water diffuse approximately at equal rates into and out of the organism
A hyperosmotic aquatic organism has a
LOWER internal concentration of water and a higher internal concentration of salts
What happens to salt and water in a hyperosmotic organism?
Salt diffuses out of a hyperosmotic organism at a higher rate, while water diffuses in at a higher rate
A hypoosmotic aquatic organism has a:
HIGHER internal concentration of water and a lower concentration of salts
What happens to salts and water in a hypoosmotic organism?
Salts diffuse into the organism at a higher rate while water diffuses out at a higher rate
Water potential (Ψ(psi)) =
capacity of water to perform work
Water potential relates to water’s ability/likelihood to
evaporate
move
enter the roots
in nature water potential (Ψ) is usually
NEGATIVE
What are 2 major challenges of water regulation on land?
Evaporative loss of water to the environment
Reduced access to replaced lost water
How do you calculate Animals internal water?
ADD input sources and SUBTRACT water losses
Shallw dense roots are good for plants in areas __
good for INFREQUENT heavy rainfall
Deeper roots in dry environments
Get at water deep in the soil profile
What are 4 ways of water conservation observed by plants and animals?
Waterproof outer covering (scales, waxes, etc).
Concentrated urine / feces.
Condensing water vapor in breath.
Behavioral modifications to avoid stress times.
Camels - can withstand water loss up to ___
20%
