Quiz (01.15.2021)

Question 1

we define the ___ as the material or process within which we are studying the energy changes within

Answer 1

system

Question 2

we define the ____ as everything else with which the system can exchange energy

Answer 2

surroundings

Question 3

a ____ is the amount of energy needed to move 1kg mass a distance of 1 meter

Answer 3

joule (J)

Question 4

A _____ is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water 1C

Answer 4

calorie (cal)

Question 5

kcal =

Answer 5

energy needed to raise 1000g of water 1C, Calories = kcal

Question 6

____ is the study of energy and its interconversions

Answer 6

thermodynamics

Question 7

the ___ energy is the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all the particles that compose the system

Answer 7

internal

Question 8

the change in the internal energy of a system only depends on…

Answer 8

the amount of energy in the system at the beginning and end

Question 9

A ___ function is a mathematical function whose result only depends on the initial and final conditions not on the process used

Answer 9

state

Question 10

when energy flows out of a system, change in energy in the system is ___

Answer 10

negative

Question 11

when energy flows into the surroundings, change in energy in the surroundings is ___

Answer 11

positive

Question 12

when energy flows into a system, change in energy in the system is ___

Answer 12

positive

Question 13

when energy flows out of the surroundings, change in energy of the surroundings is ____

Answer 13

negative

Question 14

energy is exchanged between the system and its surroundings through ___ and ___

Answer 14

heat; work

Question 15

q and w are NOT state functions, their value depends on the process. change in energy =

Answer 15

q + w (heat plus work)

Question 16

the heat capacity of an object is proportional to the following:

Answer 16

the mass, the specific heat of the material

Question 17

q =

Answer 17

mass (g) x specific heat capacity x temperature change (C)

Question 18

measure of a substance’s intrinsic ability to absorb heat

Answer 18

specific heat capacity - the amount of heat energy required to riase the temperature of one gram of a substance 1C

Question 19

Units for specific heat capacity

Answer 19

J/gxC

Question 20

The ___ is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one mole of a substance 1C

Answer 20

molar heat capacity

Question 21

Pressure-volume work is work caused by …

Answer 21

a volume change against an external pressure

Question 22

when gases exchange, change in volume is positive, but the system is doing work on the surroundings, so work of the gas is ___

Answer 22

negative

Question 23

as long as the external pressure is kept constant, work of the gas equals…

Answer 23

external pressure x change in volume of the gas

Question 24

conversion factor for 1 atm x L to Joules

Answer 24

1 atm x L equals 101.3 J

Question 25

system gains thermal energy, q (heat) is ___

Answer 25

positive

Question 26

system loses thermal energy, q (heat) is ___

Answer 26

negative

Question 27

work done on the system, w (work) is ____

Answer 27

positive

Question 28

work done by the system, w (work) is ____

Answer 28

negative

Question 29

energy flows into the system, change in internal energy is____

Answer 29

positive

Question 30

energy flows out of the system, change in internal energy is ____

Answer 30

negative

Question 31

amount in joules (J) required to raise temperature of 1g of water by 1C

Answer 31

4.18

Question 32

amount in calories (cal) required to raise temperature of 1g of water by 1C

Answer 32

1.00

Question 33

amount in Calories (C) required to raise temperature of 1g of water by 1C

Answer 33

0.00100

Question 34

amount in kilowatt-hour (KWh) required to raise temperature of 1g of water by 1C

Answer 34

1.16 x 10^-6

Question 35

the ___ of a system is the sum of the internal energy of the system and the product of pressure and volume - it is a state function

Answer 35

enthalpy

Question 36

what is the equation for enthalpy?

Answer 36

H = E + PV

Question 37

the enthalpy change of a reaction is...

Answer 37

the heat evolved in a reaction at constant pressure

Question 38

change in enthalpy of the reaction

Answer 38

the heat of the reaction at constant pressure

Question 39

usually change in enthalpy and change in energy are similar in value; the difference is largest for reactions that produce or use...

Answer 39

large quantities of gas

Question 40

when change in enthalpy is negative...

Answer 40

heat is being released by the system

Question 41

when heat is being released by the system, it is an ____ reaction

Answer 41

exothermic

Question 42

when change in enthalpy is positive...

Answer 42

heat is being absorbed by the system

Question 43

when heat is being absorbed by the sysrem, it is called an _____ reaction

Answer 43

endothermic

Question 44

for an exothermic reaction, the surrounding's temperature ___

Answer 44

rises

Question 45

the products of an exothermic reaction have ___ chemical potential energy than the reactants

Answer 45

less

Question 46

in an endothermic reaction, the surrounding's temperature ____

Answer 46

drops

Question 47

Products in an endothermic reaction have ____ chemical potential energy than the reactants.

Answer 47

more