Quiz #1 Flashcards
(167 cards)
1
Q
Prefix meaning “Joint”
A
Arthr/o-
2
Q
Prefix meaning “Two”
A
Bi-
3
Q
Prefix meaning “Arm”
A
Brachi/o-
4
Q
Prefix meaning “Tail”
A
Caud/o-
5
Q
Prefix meaning “Head”
A
Cephal/o-
6
Q
Prefix meaning “Cartilage”
A
Chondr/o-
7
Q
Prefix meaning “Around”
A
Circum-
8
Q
Prefix meaning “Above/upon”
A
Epi-
9
Q
Prefix meaning “Face”
A
Faci/o-
10
Q
Prefix meaning “Fascia”
A
Fasci/o-
11
Q
Prefix meaning “Excessive/above normal”
A
Hyper-
12
Q
Prefix meaning “Below/under/deficient”
A
Hypo-
13
Q
Prefix meaning “Lower/below”
A
Infer/o- or Infra-
14
Q
Prefix meaning “Between”
A
Inter-
15
Q
Prefix meaning “In/within”
A
Intra-
16
Q
Prefix meaning “Same/equal”
A
Iso-
17
Q
Prefix meaning “Measure”
A
Metr/o-
18
Q
Prefix meaning “Muscle”
A
Myo-
19
Q
Prefix meaning “Nose”
A
Nas/o-
20
Q
Prefix meaning “Nerve”
A
Neur/o-
21
Q
Prefix meaning “Eye”
A
Ocul/o-
22
Q
Prefix meaning “Bone”
A
Oste/o-
23
Q
Prefix meaning “Through”
A
Per-
24
Q
Prefix meaning “Around”
A
Peri-
25
Prefix meaning "Many/much"
Poly-
26
Prefix meaning "Vertebrae"
Spondyl/o-
27
Prefix meaning "Upper/above"
Super/o-
28
Prefix meaning "Above/excessive/superior"
Supra-
29
Prefix meaning "Across/through"
Trans-
30
Prefix meaning "Three"
Tri-
31
Prefix meaning "One"
Uni-
32
Suffix meaning "Head"
-ceps
33
Suffix meaning "Inflammation"
-itis
34
Suffix meaning "The study of"
-ology
35
Suffix meaning "Resembling"
-oid
36
The study of bones
Osteology
37
The study of joints
Arthrology
38
The study of muscles and muscle tissue
Myology
39
The study of nerves
Neurology
40
Describe anatomical position
Standing with feet parallel, arms to the side, palms forward, fingers to the floor, face forward.
41
Directional terminology referring to a structure that is closer to the head or higher than another structure
Superior (cranial)
42
Directional terminology referring to a structure that is closer to the feet or lower than another structure
Inferior (caudal)
43
Directional terminology referring to a structure that is more 'in front' than another structure
Anterior (abbr. ant) (also ventral, palmar, volar)
44
Directional terminology referring to a structure that is more 'in back' than another structure
Posterior (abbr. post) (also dorsal/dorsum)
45
Directional terminology referring to a structure that is closer to the mid-sagittal plane than another structure
Medial
46
Directional terminology referring to a structure that is farther away from the mid-sagittal plane than another structure
Lateral
47
Directional terminology that refers to a structure that is closest to its source – primarily used in reference to the limbs (it refers to a structure that is closer to the root of the limb than another structure in the limb)
Proximal
48
Directional terminology that refers to a structure that is farther away from its source – primarily used in reference to the limbs (it refers to a structure that is farther away from the root of the limb than another structure in the limb)
Distal
49
Directional terminology that refers to a structure that is closer to the surface of the body
Superficial
50
Directional terminology that refers to a structure that is farther from the surface of the body
Deep
51
Directional terminology that refers to the same side as the reference point
Ipsilateral
52
Directional terminology that refers to the opposite side as the reference point
Contralateral
53
a small rounded projection/process/eminence
tubercle
54
a large rounded projection/process/eminence
tuberosity
55
a very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process (the only examples are on the femur)
trochanter
56
a narrow ridge of bone, less prominent than a crest
line
57
a sharp, slender, often pointed projection
spine
58
a raised area on or above a condyle
epicondyle
59
an arm-like bar of bone
ramus
60
the principle mass of a structure
body
61
location at which 2 or more bones make contact
articulation
62
a rounded articular projection
condyle
63
a bony expansion carried on a narrow neck
head
64
a smooth, nearly flat articular surface
facet
65
a canal-like passageway
meatus
66
a cavity within a bone, filled with air and lined with mucus membrane
Sinus
67
a shallow depression or hollow generally in a bone
Fossa
68
a furrow in a bone
Groove
69
a narrow, slit-like opening
fissure
70
a round/oval opening through a bone
foramen
71
an indentation in a bone
notch
72
the area between the greater trochanter and the iliac crest
hip
73
the area between the greater trochanter and the knee
thigh
74
the segment of the inferior limb between the knee and the ankle (commonly used to mean the entire lower limb)
leg
75
this structure meaning 'basin' protects the internal organs, transmits forces from the upper body onto the lower limb, and absorbs forces from lower limb
the pelvis
76
name the bones contained within the pelvis
the hip bones, the sacrum, the coccyx
77
the wedge-shaped bone between the 2 hip bones
sacrum
78
another word for the tailbone
coccyx
79
name the three regions of each hip bone
ilium, ischium, pubis
80
the large superior part of the hip bone constituting 2/3rds of the bone
ilium
81
the posterior, inferior part of the hip bone
ischium
82
the anterior, inferior part of the hip bone
pubis
83
name the three structures that pass through the greater sciatic foramen
Piriformis, Sciatic nerve, Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
84
which ligament converts the greater sciatic notch into the greater sciatic foramen
sacrospinous ligament
85
the junction of the ischium-pubis, partly covered by connective tissue membrane, this opening allows nerves and blood vessels to pass through
obturator foramen
86
the boundary between the lower limb and the abdomen, connecting to the ASIS and the pubic tubercle
the inguinal ligament
87
The longest and heaviest bone in the human body, also called upper leg bone
the femur
88
line that runs through the middle of the anterior gluteal surface of the ilium
anterior gluteal line
89
line that runs along the bottom of the anterior gluteal surface of the ilium
inferior gluteal line
90
line that runs along the back section of the anterior gluteal surface of the ilium
posterior gluteal line
91
the most superior ridge of the posterior section of the ilium
PSIS (Posterior Superior Iliac Spine)
92
the ridge that sits inferior to the PSIS
PIIS (Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine)
93
the area between the PIIS and the ischial spine
greater sciatic notch
94
portion of the ischium anterior to the lesser sciatic notch
ischial body
95
portion of the ilium superior to the ischial body
ilial body
96
portion of the ischium between the ischial body and the ischial ramus, also called sit bone
ischial tuberosity
97
Part of the ischium that connects to the inferior pubic ramus
ramus of ischium
98
Part of the pubis between the inferior and superior pubic ramus
Pubic tuburcle
99
bar of bone that constitutes the top of the pubis
superior pubic ramus
100
the junction of the ilium-ischium-pubis, this is the place where the thigh bone (head of the femur) articulates with the pelvis.
acetabulum
101
part of the ilium that that is anterior and superior to the acetabulum
AIIS (Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine)
102
part of the ilium that that is superior to the AIIS
ASIS (Anterior Superior Iliac Spine)
103
ridge that runs along the superior section of the ilium
Iliac crest
104
part of the iliac crest 5 cm posterior to the ASIS
Iliac tubercle
105
the large, smooth area on the medial surface of the ilium
iliac fossa
106
the part of the medial surface of the ilium closest to the superior pubic ramus
iliopublic eminence
107
ridge of bone that runs from the superior pubic ramus to the pubic tubercle
Pecten pubis
108
part of the ischium interior to the greater sciatic notch
ischial spine
109
this part of the ilium is ear-shaped and articulates with the sacrum
the articular surface of the ilium
110
the large bumpy part of the femur, medial to the head. widest part of the lower limb
greater trochanter
111
superior to the lateral condyle on the lateral side of the femur
lateral epicondyle
112
inferior to the lateral epicondyle
lateral condyle
113
part of the femur between the lateral and medial condyles on anterior side
patellar surface (trochlear groove)
114
inferior to the medial epicondyle
medial condyle
115
superior to the medial condyle on the medial side of the femur
medial epicondyle
116
superior to the medial epicondyle
abductor tuburcle
117
line that runs from the greater trochanter to the lesser trochanter
intertrochanteric line
118
superior to the body of the femur on the medial side
lesser trochanter
119
part of the head of the femur where ligament attaches
fovea
120
part of the femur that faces medially, superiorly, anteriorly and articulates with the acetabulum
head
121
part of the femur that joins the head to the greater trochanter
neck
122
posterior ridge between the trochanter and the neck of the femur
intertrochanteric crest
123
prominence on the medial body of the femur, inferior to the greater trochanter
gluteal tuberosity
124
a rough ridge with two lips (medial and lateral) on the posterior surface of the femur
linea aspera
125
part of the femur between the lateral and medial condyles on posterior side
Intercondylar fossa
126
an imaginary line ALONG which a movement takes place
plane
127
runs vertically in an anterior/posterior direction and divides the body equally into right and left portions
mid-sagittal (median) plane
128
the name for any plane that is parallel to the mid-sagittal plane
a sagittal plane
129
plane that runs vertically in a medial/lateral direction and divides the part of the body into anterior and posterior portions
frontal/coronal plane
130
plane that runs horizontally and divides the part of the body into superior and inferior portions
transverse/horizontal plane
131
An imaginary line AROUND which a movement takes place
axis
132
an imaginary line around which movements occur in the horizontal plane
vertical (longitudinal) axis
133
an imaginary line around which movements occur in the sagittal/mid-sagittal plane
medial-lateral (M-L) axis
134
an imaginary line around which movements occur in the frontal plane
anterior-posterior (A-P) axis
135
Movements in the sagittal plane happen around this axis
medial - lateral axis
136
Movements in the coronal/frontal plane happen around this axis
anterior - posterior axis.
137
Movements in the transverse plane happen around a this axis
vertical axis
138
T/F: movements reference anatomical position, and don’t change if the person is standing, lying supine or prone
True
139
a movement in the sagittal plane around a medial - lateral axis that moves the part of the body anteriorly from anatomical position, or bends the joint/decreases the angle between body parts
flexion
140
when the lower limb moves posteriorly from anatomical position, this is called
flexion
141
a movement along the sagittal plane around a medial-lateral axis that moves the part of the body posteriorly from anatomical position
extension
142
a movement along the sagittal plane around a medial-lateral axis that straightens the joint or increases the angle between body parts
extension
143
A movement along the frontal plane around an anterior-posterior axis that moves the body part away from the median plane
abduction
144
abduction from a flexed position is called
horizontal abduction
145
is a movement along the frontal plane around an anterior-posterior axis that moves the body part towards the median plane
adduction
146
adduction from a flexed position is called
horizontal adduction
147
is a movement along the transverse plane around a vertical axis that moves the body part outwards
external rotation
148
is a movement along the transverse plane around a vertical axis that moves the body part inwards
internal rotation
149
where is the point of reference when discussing the rotation of the spine from left/right?
the front of the spine
150
places where where 2 (or more) separate bones connect, designed for movement
joints
151
joints with one axis of movement
uniaxial
152
joints with two axis of movement
biaxial
153
joints with multiple axis of movement
multiaxial
154
type of fibrous joint that only occurs in the skull, limited movement
sutures
155
joint in which a sheet of fibrous tissue connects bones e.g. forearm bones – lots of space between the bones therefore lots of movement
syndesmosis
156
joint is connected by cartilage or a combination of cartilage and fibrous tissue, eg pubic synthesis, ribs to breastbone
cartilaginous
157
most common joint type, contains a cavity, articular cartilage, and a joint capsule (6 types)
synovial
158
biaxial type of synovial joint that allows flexion/extension and abduction/adduction (and circumduction)
e.g. knuckles
condyloid
159
Biaxial type of synovial joint in which concave and convex surfaces articulate with each other
e.g. thumb
saddle
160
Multiaxial type of synovial joint int which spheroidal surface articulates with socket of other surface
e.g. hip
ball and socket
161
Synovial joint which accommodates gliding or sliding movements. joint surfaces are flat or almost flat, most are uniaxial
e.g. carpals
plane
162
uniaxial type of synovial joint for rotation, where a rounded process rotates within a sleeve or ring
e.g. C1-C2
pivot
163
uniaxial type of synovial joint that accommodates flexion and extension only
e.g. humeroulnar joint
hinge
164
sacs filled with synovial fluid that decrease the friction generated by the motion of one tissue over another. Located between: tendons and bony prominences, tendons and other tendons, bone and overlying skin
Bursa
165
these connect bone to bone and prevent excessive movement in a specified direction
ligaments
166
joint position in which the ligaments and joint capsule are tight and the joint has maximal articular surface contact
Increase in stability, decrease in mobility
Close-packed position
167
Joint position in which the ligaments and joint capsule are loose and the joint has maximal space and available movement. Decrease in stability, increase in mobility
Loose-packed position
