Quiz 1 (P. 3-12)

Question 1

true or false: dendrites contain the nuclei, ribosomes, mitochondria, and other structures found in most cells

Answer 1

false

Question 2

true or false: glial cells transmit information across long distances

Answer 2

false

Question 3

the two basic kinds of cells in the nervous system are _____

Answer 3

neurons and glia

Question 4

the blood-brain barrier is made up of closely packed glial cells

Answer 4

false

Question 5

the difference in voltage between the inside and outside of a neuron that is not transmitting an action potential is called the resting potential

Answer 5

true

Question 6

the structure that contains a cell’s chromosomes is called the ____

Answer 6

nucleus

Question 7

the specialized cells in the eye that detect light are called _____

Answer 7

sensory neurons

Question 8

which type of neuron has its soma in the spinal cord?

Answer 8

motor neuron

Question 9

the branching fibers that form the information-receiving pole of the nerve cells are called _____

Answer 9

dendrites

Question 10

the insulating material that covers many vertebrate axons is called the ____

Answer 10

myelin sheath

Question 11

as a general rule, axons convey information ____

Answer 11

away from their own cell body

Question 12

if all of a neuron’s dendrites or axons were contained within a single structure such as the thalamus, it would be considered a(n) ____

Answer 12

intrinsic neuron

Question 13

what mechanism prevents or slows some chemicals from entering the brain, while allowing others to enter?

Answer 13

a blood-brain barrier

Question 14

why does the brain need thiamine?

Answer 14

to enable it to metabolize glucose

Question 15

the membrane of a neuron is composed of ____

Answer 15

phospholipids with embedded proteins

Question 16

electrical gradients lead to the ____

Answer 16

movement of ions to areas having opposite electrical charges

Question 17

the net effect of each cycle of the sodium-potassium pump is to ____

Answer 17

decrease the number of positively charged ions within the cell

Question 18

what occurs when a stimulus shifts the potential inside a neuron from the resting potential to a more negative potential?

Answer 18

hyperpolarization

Question 19

a membrane produces an action potential whenever the potential across it reaches what level?

Answer 19

the threshold of excitation

Question 20

during an action potential, _____

Answer 20

the concentration of sodium remains higher outside the neuron than inside