Quiz 1.2

Question 1

Eysenck suggests that ________ prefer higher levels of stimulation than ________.
Question 1Select one:

a.
psychopaths; sociopaths

b.
extraverts; introverts

c.
psychopaths; extraverts

d.
children; adults

Answer 1

b.
extraverts; introverts

Question 2

The three premises of evolutionary psychology are:

Question 2Select one:

a.
functionality; domain-specificity; numerousness

b.
survival; reproduction; sexual selection

c.
domain-specificity; sexual specificity; functionality

d.
intrasexual competition; reproduction; sexual selection

Answer 2

a.
functionality; domain-specificity; numerousness

Question 3

Identical twins share 100% of genes, while fraternal twins share 50% of genes. If identical twins have more similar personality traits compared to fraternal twins, what is this evidence of?
Question 3Select one:

a.
nothing, it is random

b.
heritability

c.
representativeness

d.
exaptation

Answer 3

b.
heritability

Question 4

Why are there more words for negative emotions compared to positive?
Question 4Select one:

a.
Because humans are inherently more negative

b.
Because describing negative emotions increases our chance of survival

c.
This is a trick question, there are more words for positive emotions

d.
Because our ancestors did not have joyful experiences

Answer 4

b.
Because describing negative emotions increases our chance of survival

Question 5

Students who are _________are especially good at seeing connections between different categories.

Question 5Select one:

a.
field-dependent

b.
field-independent

c.
both field dependent and field independent

d.
neither field dependent nor field independent

Answer 5

a.
field-dependent

Question 6

When scoring a TAT, some commonly scored motives are:

Question 6Select one:

a.
achievement, intimacy, and power

b.
hunger, sex, and warmth

c.
status, pleasure, and hedonics

d.
performance, seclusion, and friendship

Answer 6

a.
achievement, intimacy, and power

Question 7

Which of the following is not heritable?
Question 7Select one:

a.
traditionalism

b.
perseverance/grit

c.
Five Factor Model personality traits

d.
belief in god

Answer 7

d.
belief in god

Question 8

Higher levels of narcissism are associated with:
Question 9Select one:

a.
higher aggression

b.
more internalised feelings

c.
more emotional connections with others

d.
less aggression

Answer 8

a.
higher aggression

Question 9

The TAT comes from which theoretical orientation with regard to personality development and assessment?

Question 10Select one:

a.
psychoanalytic

b.
behavioural

c.
trait

d.
evolutionary

Answer 9

d.
evolutionary

Question 10

Which of the following is used to measure field dependence without relying on cumbersome techniques?

Question 11Select one:

a.
The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT).

b.
The Rod and Frame test (RFT)

c.
The Embedded Figures Test (EFT)

d.
The Multi-Motive Grid

Answer 10

c.
The Embedded Figures Test (EFT)

dont need a chair that moves

Question 11

Which of the following is not one of the six universal emotions?
Question 12Select one:

a.
happiness

b.
disgust

c.
embarrassment

d.
surprise

Answer 11

c.
embarrassment

Question 12

Cloninger’s tridimensional model suggests that reward dependence is linked to lower levels of:
Question 13Select one:

a.
norepinephrine

b.
happiness

c.
sadness

d.
neuroticism

Answer 12

a.
norepinephrine

Question 13

According to evolutionary theory, the two criteria for natural selection are __________________ and _________________.

Question 14Select one:

a.
sexual selection; reproduction

b.
intrasexual competition; intersexual competition

c.
survival; adaptations

d.
survival; reproduction

Answer 13

d.
survival; reproduction

Question 14

What type of correlation would you expect to find between sensation seeking and level of enjoyment for sucking on a lemon?

Question 15Select one:

a.
positive

b.
negative

c.
partial

d.
complete

Answer 14

a.
positive

Question 15

“A reliably developing structure in the organism which, because it meshes with the recurrent structure of the world, causes the solution to an adaptive problem” is the definition for which product of an evolutionary process?

Question 16Select one:

a.
An adaptation

b.
An exaptation

c.
A spandrel

d.
Random variation

Answer 15

a.
An adaptation

Question 16

_________________ is the proportion of phenotypic variance that is attributed to genotypic variance.

Question 17Select one:

a.
Heritability

b.
Environmentality

c.
A K-selected strategy

d.
An r-selected strategy

Answer 16

a.
Heritability

Question 17

The difference between grandiose narcissism and vulnerable narcissism is

Question 18Select one:

a.
vulnerable narcissists dislike people, whereas grandiose narcissists like people

b.
vulnerable narcissists have high self esteem and grandiose narcissists have low self esteem

c.
vulnerable narcissists have low self esteem and grandiose narcissists have high self esteem

d.
there are no differences.

Answer 17

c.
vulnerable narcissists have low self esteem and grandiose narcissists have high self esteem

Question 18

Which area of the brain was Phineas Gage injured?
Question 20Select one:

a.
frontal lobe

b.
temporal lobe

c.
occipital lobe

d.
hippocampus

Answer 18

a.
frontal lobe

Question 19

The behavioural ________ system regulates approach behaviour, while the behavioural ________ regulates ceasing, inhibiting or avoidance behaviour.
Question 21Select one:

a.
ascending reticular activating; descending reticular activating

b.
incentive; punishment

c.
impulse; repression

d.
activation; inhibition

Answer 19

d.
activation; inhibition

Question 20

A researcher examines the effect of agreeableness scores on number of close friendships, and how that varies depending on levels of parental neuroticism. This analysis would be:
Question 22Select one:

a.
mediation

b.
correlation

c.
moderation

d.
mediated moderation

Answer 20

c.
moderation

Question 21

Freud proposed that personality traits arising from an anal fixation could be:
Question 19Select one:

a.
orderly, neat, punctual

b.
messy, stubborn, late

c.
neither of these

d.
both of these

Answer 21

d.
both of these

Question 22

Which of the following physiological measures could be used to assess anxiety and/or a reaction to stress?
Question 23Select one:

a.
blood pressure

b.
heart rate

c.
neither of these

d.
both of these

Answer 22

d.
both of these

Question 23

A person who prefers hot and spicy foods and is easily susceptible to boredom is most likely high on which of the following personality traits?

Question 24Select one:

a.
sensation seeking

b.
self-esteem

c.
openness to experience

d.
narcissism

Answer 23

a.
sensation seeking

Question 24

What were the four personality biles suggested by Galen?
Question 25Select one:

a.
phlegm, passive, melancholic, pessimism

b.
phlegmatic, melancholic, choleric, sanguine

c.
passive, melancholic, unhappiness, pessimism

d.
unstable, aggressive, excitable, happy

Answer 24

b.
phlegmatic, melancholic, choleric, sanguine

Phlegm, Black, Yellow, Blood

Question 25

If a personality characteristic is highly heritable, then Question 26Select one: a. all family members should possess the characteristic b. all children in the family will possess the characteristic c. family members with greater genetic relatedness should be more similar to each other than are family members with less genetic relatedness d. entire populations will possess the characteristic

Answer 25

c. family members with greater genetic relatedness should be more similar to each other than are family members with less genetic relatedness

Question 26

Which of the following is a cultural universal? Question 27Select one: a. beliefs about the personality characteristics of heritability b. beliefs about the personality characteristics of men and women c. evoked culture d. evoked cooperation

Answer 26

b. beliefs about the personality characteristics of men and women

Question 27

An adaptation that initially arose through natural selection and was subsequently co-opted for another function is Question 28Select one: a. a mutation. b. an example of random variation. c. a spandrel. d. an exaptation.

Answer 27

d. an exaptation

Question 28

According to Life History Theory, Elephants have: Question 29Select one: a. A slow life strategy b. A fast life strategy c. Little parental investment d. A peanut allergy

Answer 28

a. A slow life strategy

Question 29

The Rorschach test consists of: Question 30Select one: a. set interview questions b. sketched images c. physical block manipulation d. inkblot images

Answer 29

d. inkblot images

Question 30

According to Freud, defence mechanisms are a set of behaviours that result in an attempt to reduce the anxiety caused by an imbalance between Question 8Select one: a. the id, ego, and superego. b. the preconscious, subconscious, and conscious. c. the libido and Thantos. d. the primary and secondary process thinking.

Answer 30

a. the id, ego, and superego.