Quiz 1.1 Flashcards
(36 cards)
The term “The Big Five” refers to
Select one:
a.
the five domains of knowledge in personality.
b.
the five personality traits of extraversion, narcissism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and humility.
c.
the five personality traits of openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.
d.
the five core emotions of sadness, joy, disgust, anger, and fear.
c.
the five personality traits of openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.
The approach that uses natural language to identify important traits is the ___________ approach.
Select one:
a.
lexical
b.
theoretical
c.
statistical
d.
act frequency
a.
lexical
Sam often acts irritable and is short with their work colleagues. Sam’s work colleagues are more likely to act less patient, and more irritable in return. Which aspect of the person-situation interaction is described here?
Question 3Select one:
a.
selection
b.
evocation
c.
manipulation
d.
adaption
evocation
Which of the following three factors can undermine interviewer ratings of personality?
Question 4Select one:
a.
Bad questions; double-barrelled questions; long-winded questions
b.
Invalid interview questions; unattractive interviewers; unformed interviewers
c.
Bad questions; misjudgement by the interviewer, unkempt interviewer
d.
Invalid interview questions; misjudgement by the interviewer; inadequate information
d.
Invalid interview questions; misjudgement by the interviewer; inadequate information
The tendency to accept vague generalised statements as personalised, meaningful, and significant comments on their personality is a description of
Select one:
a.
the Barnum effect.
b.
paranoia.
c.
low self-esteem.
d.
a fluctuating self-concept.
a.
the Barnum effect
refers to a factor that might be influencing the relationship between two other variables, potentially leading to a misleading interpretation of the relationship. This third variable can be a confound, meaning it is correlated with both of the variables being studied, and could be the real reason for any observed connection
a “third variable”
Alex has low levels of agreeableness, and also has an allergy to shellfish. A researcher hypothesises that there is a correlation between agreeableness and shellfish allergies. What problem does this lead to?
Question 6Select one:
a.
moderation
b.
third variable
c.
mediation
d.
variable manipulation
b.
third variable
Having interview questions written in such a way that they elicit a lot of useless or tangential information is an example of which factor that can undermine interviewer ratings of personality?
Question 7Select one:
a.
Bad interviewing
b.
Invalid interview questions
c.
Inadequate information
d.
Misjudgment by the interviewer
b.
Invalid interview questions
What i the cut-off for an acceptable reliability score for tests used in decision making?
0.90
Paul’s L-data indicates high grades on tests at university, and his S-data shows very high levels of conscientiousness. Which type of validity can be assessed here?
Question 8Select one:
a.
face
b.
internal consistency
d.
discriminant
c.
predictive
Which of the Five Factor model personality traits is most positively correlated with higher likelihood to get tattoos and piercings?
Question 9Select one:
a.
extraversion
b.
agreeableness
c.
neuroticism
d.
openness to experience
d.
openness to experience
Q: If both S-data and O-data show high levels of extraversion for the same person, what type of validity is demonstrated?
A: Convergent validity — it shows agreement between different methods measuring the same trait.
Q: If a measure of conscientiousness does not correlate with a measure of extraversion, what type of validity is supported?
A: Discriminant validity — it shows the measure is distinct from unrelated traits.
Q: What type of validity is being assessed when a personality test accurately measures the theoretical trait it claims to measure?
A: Construct validity — it refers to whether a test truly measures the psychological concept it is intended to measure.
A: Construct validity — it refers to whether a test truly measures the psychological concept it is intended to measure.
A research participant is asked to rate their self-perceived levels of resilience on a scale from 1 to 6, where 1 = very low and 6 = very high. What kind of scale is this?
Question 10Select one:
a.
dichotomous
b.
open-ended
c.
unstructured
d.
Likert
d.
Likert
A person’s police record would be considered
Question 11Select one:
a.
S-data.
b.
O-data.
c.
T-data.
d.
L-data.
d.
L-data.
Eysenck’s hierarchical model of personality orders personality into
a.
super traits, narrow level traits, habits, and behaviours.
The interviewee provided enough detailed information to the question, but the interviewer was not paying attention and has not detected the information correctly. This is an example of:
Question 13Select one:
a.
Inadequate information
b.
Misjudgement by the interviewer
c.
Invalid interview question
d.
A good interviewer
b.
Misjudgement by the interviewer
Of the five standards for evaluating personality theories ___________ is defined as ‘Makes precise predictions that can be empirically tested’.
Question 14Select one:
a.
comprehensiveness
b.
heuristic value
c.
testability
d.
none of these
c.
testability
An Eysenck personality questionnaire item asks “Are your feelings easily hurt?”. This item likely assesses which super-trait?
Question 15Select one:
a.
Extraversion-introversion
b.
Neuroticism-emotional stability
c.
Psychoticism
d.
Openness-intellect
b.
Neuroticism-emotional stability
Naturalistic observations (O-data) have the advantage of being able to obtain information in a realistic context. What is a disadvantage of naturalistic observation?
Question 16Select one:
a.
There are no disadvantages of naturalistic observation
b.
Researchers are unable to control the events witnessed
c.
Researchers are able to control the events witnessed
d.
Untrained researchers can conduct natural observation as well as trained researchers can
b.
Researchers are UNABLE to control the events witnessed
“Since first class honours is essential to get into the Master of Psychology (Clinical) program, what other attributes do you think are also important for a good applicant?” is an example of
Question 17Select one:
a.
a forgone conclusion.
b.
a complex question using jargon.
c.
an assuming question.
d.
a double-barrelled question.
c.
an assuming question.
“How would you feel if your son told you that he is gay?” is an example of
Question 18Select one:
a.
an insensitive question.
b.
a hypothetical question.
c.
a leading or suggestive question.
d.
a complex question using jargon.
b.
a hypothetical question.
The interviewee giving short, undiagnostic answers, and the interviewer not prompting or cajoling the interviewee to elaborate is an example of which factor that can undermine interviewer ratings of personality?
Question 19Select one:
a.
Misjudgment by the interviewer
b.
Inadequate information
c.
Invalid interview questions
d.
Bad interviewing
b.
Inadequate information
