**QUIZ 1.3 Flashcards
(34 cards)
Which statement best characterises the sex differences that are found between men and women in personality and social psychology research?
Question 1Select one:
a.
While there are measurable sex differences on average, there is often more within sex variation on traits than the differences between the sexes.
b.
There are no real sex differences; supposed sex differences are due to social norms
c.
There are often large sex differences between men and woman, with very little overlap between the two sexes.
d.
Sex differences are completely due to hormones.
While there are measurable sex differences on average, there is often more within sex variation on traits than the differences between the sexes.
People who score high on Machiavellianism are more likely to pursue a:
Question 2Select one:
a.
tit-for-tat strategy.
b.
short-term social strategy.
c.
long-term social strategy.
d.
reciprocal strategy.
b.
short-term social strategy.
The aspects of your self that you present to others is known as your
Question 3Select one:
a.
social identity.
b.
self-esteem.
c.
self-concept.
d.
possible selves.
a.
social identity.
When a person’s behaviour unintentionally elicits a certain response from another person, we observe:
Question 4Select one:
a.
manipulation
b.
selection
c.
evocation
d.
provocation
c.
evocation
As they walk down the hallway, Steve accidentally bumps into Dave, a well-known neighbourhood bully. Dave immediately becomes aggressive, demanding that Steve tell him what he meant to do by bumping into him. Dave’s reaction demonstrates the ____________ attributional bias.
Question 5Select one:
a.
fundamental
b.
angry
c.
hostile
d.
aggressive
c.
hostile
People who score low in self-esteem are most likely to:
Question 6Select one:
a.
engage in self-handicapping.
b.
engage in defensive pessimism.
c.
avoid failure feedback.
d.
all of these.
d.
all of these.
Two-dimensional measures of gender have been criticised because
Question 7Select one:
a.
it is impossible to establish validity for two dimensions of personality simultaneously.
b.
research suggests that masculinity-femininity is a single dimension.
c.
there are so few androgynous people.
d.
there are too many undifferentiated people.
b.
research suggests that masculinity-femininity is a single dimension.
The finding that men and women are differentially represented in different jobs is most consistent with the ____________ theory.
Question 8Select one:
a.
social role
b.
evolutionary
c.
socialisation
d.
social learning
a.
social role
According to sex difference research on the Five Factor model, __________ score moderately higher on assertiveness than ____________.
Question 9Select one:
a.
women; men
b.
women; children
c.
men; women
d.
men; older adults
c.
men; women
According to the concept of evoked sharing, cultural differences in the degree to which groups share food depend partly on external environmental conditions. If a group of people lived in a harsh region where food access was variable and rare, which of the following would you predict?
Question 10Select one:
a.
more food sharing
b.
more offspring
c.
differences in the evoked culture of insults
d.
less food sharing
a.
more food sharing
Which of the following is not a trait of the dark triad?
Question 11Select one:
a.
Machiavellianism
b.
Narcissism
c.
Neuroticism
d.
Psychopathy
d.
Psychopathy
A Five Factor model (Big 5) inventory item states “I see myself as someone who tends be disorganised”. If someone responds “agree strongly” to this item, which of the following might they show?
Question 12Select one:
a.
high openness to experience
b.
high conscientiousness
c.
low conscientiousness
d.
low extraversion
c.
low conscientiousness
Anne was raised in a culture that emphasised group cooperation, a focus on others rather than the self, and viewing oneself as relational to others. Anne’s culture could be categorised as:
Question 13Select one:
a.
interdependence-focused
b.
independence-focused
c.
agency-focused
d.
Western
a.
interdependence-focused
The pairing game is an example of
Question 15Select one:
a.
assortative mating.
b.
social exclusion.
c.
sociometer theory.
d.
complementary mating.
c.
sociometer theory.
Confirmation bias is the tendency to notice and search for information that confirms one’s beliefs and:
Question 16Select one:
a.
be egotistical
b.
search for information that also disconfirms one’s beliefs
c.
take account of all other information
d.
ignore information that disconfirms one’s beliefs
d.
ignore information that disconfirms one’s beliefs
Personality is likely to have the most effect on behaviour
Question 17Select one:
a.
in ambiguous situations.
b.
when people are older.
c.
when behaviour is aggregated.
d.
in strong situations.
a.
in ambiguous situations.
The six basic universal emotions are:
Question 18Select one:
a.
surprise; anger; fear; happiness; disgust; sadness
b.
extraverted; neurotic; agreeable; conscientiousness; intelligence; psychotism
c.
humility; happiness; depressed; anxious; content; aggressive
d.
hungry; scared; comforted; surprise; anger; disgust
a.
surprise; anger; fear; happiness; disgust; sadness
A conscious evaluative reaction to some event” is the definition of
Question 19Select one:
a.
an emotion.
b.
mood.
c.
affect.
d.
deflection.
a.
an emotion.
The MacDonald Triad (dark triad) consists of
Question 20Select one:
a.
narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy
b.
enuresis, fire setting, and animal cruelty
c.
schadenfreude, short-term relationships, and sadism
d.
Fire setting, animal cruelty, and having brown hair
a.
narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy
When looking for a partner, which three categories are valued for mate selection?
Question 21Select one:
a.
Intimacy, attractiveness, and status
b.
Hair colour, running abilities, and intelligence
c.
Intelligence, influence, and money
d.
Intimacy, warmth, and commitment
d.
Intimacy, warmth, and commitment
Narcisissm often has moderate to strong positive correlations with which other two personality traits?
Question 22Select one:
a.
agreeableness and conscientiousness
b.
humility and neuroticism
c.
psychopathy and Machiavellianism
d.
sadism and grit
psychopathy and Machiavellianism
The concepts of high and low self-esteem
Question 23Select one:
a.
are arbitrary false dichotomies.
b.
are useful ways of thinking about how people feel about themselves.
c.
are important in helping to understand self-esteem research.
d.
show us that there are real differences in self-esteem between different groups of people.
b.
are useful ways of thinking about how people feel about themselves.
According to sociometer theory, self-esteem
Question 24Select one:
a.
is a gauge of social acceptance and rejection.
b.
a buffer against our knowledge of our own extrinsic mortality.
c.
is the key to happiness and everyone should attempt to increase their self-esteem as much as possible.
d.
does not exist.
a.
is a gauge of social acceptance and rejection.
Whose behaviour is more a function of their own personal attributes and internal attitudes?
Question 25Select one:
a.
High self-monitors
b.
Low self-monitors
c.
High sensation seekers
d.
Low sensation seekers
b.
Low self-monitors
