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Special Imaging > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is medical asepsis?

A

microorganisms have been eliminated thorough the use of soap, water, friction and various chemical disinfectants

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2
Q

What is surgical asepsis?

A

means that microorganisms and their spores have been completely destroyed by means of heat or by a chemical process

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3
Q

At what height should a bag on an IV pole be at?

A

18-24 in

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4
Q

What are the supplies necessary for the performance of venipuncture and contrast media injection?

A

1- disposable gloves
2- alcohol wipes
3- tourniquet
4- 1/2in tape
5- arm board or towel
6- hemostats
7- 2- 50cc or 60cc syringes
8- butterfly needle(manual injection) or angiocath (power injector)
9- 18 gauge needles to draw up contrast
10- contrast media as ordered by radiologist

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5
Q

What medical history questions to gather for contrast media injection?

A

-allergies to food or medicine
-eat shellfish and fish without any difficulty
-ever had asthma, hay fever or hives
-allergic to iodine
-ever had an IVP or CT injection
-ever had a reaction to an IVP or CT injection
-have now or ever had any cardiac problems?
-ever had any kidney disease
-have both kidneys
-multiple myeloma
-have diabetes
-a nursing mother
-currently taking medication to control angina, hypertension or irregular heart rhythm
-ever have a anaphylaxis to any medications or food

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6
Q

What other pertinent information must the radiographer obtain and document for all patients?

A

BUN and Creatinine

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7
Q

How would you find out the BUN and Creatinine levels for inpatients and outpatients?

A

Inpatients- found on chart/computer system

Outpatients- computer system, call patient’s physician; patient might have brought a copy of their recent blood work

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8
Q

What must a radiographer must do if the patients BUN and creatinine level are not available?

A

the technologist must document and reason for it

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9
Q

What is normal Creatinine level?

A

0.6 to 1.5 mg/dl

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10
Q

What is normal Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) level?

A

8-25 mg/dl

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11
Q

If the patient is a dialysis patient, how must they do it?

A

get contrast today and dialysis tomorrow

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12
Q

Who decided the actual selection of the type of contrast media to be used?

A

radiologist

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13
Q

What is most desirable for venipuncture since the use of lower extremities predispose to venous stasis, emboli and thrombphlebitis?

A

Upper extremities

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14
Q

How are the veins in the upper extremities divided?

A

superficial and deep

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15
Q

Which vessels are most frequently used foe venipuncture?

A

Superficial vessels

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16
Q

Where is the cephalic vein located?

A

begins in the dorsal venous network on the thumb side of the hand and ascends along the lateral border of the forearm

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17
Q

Where is the basilic vein located?

A

begins in the venous network on the medial side of the hand and ascends along the medial side of the forearm. It is joined by the medial cubital vein just below the elbow to form the antecubital vein

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18
Q

How can you distend the vessel?

A

tourniquet, gently tapping the area above the site with several fingers, patient hanging arm over the bedside while opening and closing the fist several times, warm towel or compress

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19
Q

How high should a tourniquet be positioned above the site?

A

2-6 inches above

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20
Q

How long before should a warm towel or compress be applied to the area?

A

10-20

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21
Q

What needle is most commonly used intravenous needles is the wing-tip or butterfly needle?

A

Butterfly

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22
Q

What are the lengths butterfly needles are manufactured?

A

1/4 to 1 1/4 inches and 18 to 25 gauge

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23
Q

How long is the tubing that extends from the needle to the hub?

A

3-12 inches

24
Q

Butterfly needles are used for what kind of injections?

A

single does of medication

25
Q

What are the advantages of a butterfly needle?

A

simple and easy to use; relatively painless insertion; wings reduce risk of touch contamination; no blood leakage

26
Q

What is an angio-catheter?

A

device consists of a needle fitted with a plastic catheter, the point of the needle extends beyond the tip of the catheter to facilitate the puncture

27
Q

What is the length of an angio-catheter?

A

1 1/4 - 5 1/2 inches in length and 12-24 in diameter

28
Q

What is angio-catheter used for?

A

rapid delivery, as with an automatic injection for radiology procedure

29
Q

What are the advantages of an angio-catheters?

A

less likely to damage vein; needle will be completely removed after insertion; flexible catheter allows for greater mobility

30
Q

How many times do you need to read the label of contrast?

A

At least 3 times

31
Q

What is the amount of contrast used for children?

A

1/2 cc per pound

32
Q

Do you used contrast media if the material has changed in appearance or if the plastic or metal top is not secured?

A

No

33
Q

Do you use a syringe of contrast media if it was prepared the previous day or you cannot guarantee the contents?

A

No

34
Q

Do you inject contrast media if the equipment and drugs identified in department policy for procedure are in the room?

A

No

35
Q

Should you eliminate all air bubbles from syringe and tubing before injecting?

A

Yes

36
Q

When do most reactions happen after injection?

A

5-20min

37
Q

If there is infiltrate what must you do?

A

must stop injecting immediately

38
Q

If there is a reaction, what must you do?

A

you must do an incident report

39
Q

If the patient is necrosis, what must you do?

A

you don’t go into central lines

40
Q

What are the five rights of drug administration?

A

RIGHT Drug
RIGHT Amount
RIGHT Patient
RIGHT Time
RIGHT Route

41
Q

When administering drugs you must?

A

1) record name of drug
2) record route of administration
3) record amount of drug administered
4) record time of administration
5) record patient’s reaction to the drug you administered

42
Q

What are among the most common errors in which radiographers are involved?

A

errors associated with drug administration

43
Q

Who published lists of unacceptable abbreviations to avoid confusion?

A

The Joint Commission and Institution for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP)

44
Q

What are the three classes of administration routes?

A

Enteral, Parental, & Topical

45
Q

What are the drug administration routes?

A

Oral, Sublingual, Buccal, Topical, Rectal, Parenteral

46
Q

What drug administration routes are classified under enteral?

A

Oral, Rectal & Vaginal

47
Q

What drug administration routes are classified under parental?

A

intramuscular, intravenous, subcutaneous, intradermal

48
Q

Parenteral administration uses what for administration?

A

syringes and needles

49
Q

An ______ is a safer device compared with other systems to use when performing venipuncture.

A

angiocath

50
Q

Needle diameters are expressed in ______.

A

gauges

51
Q

How long does it take for an action of drugs that are administered parenterally?

A

rapid onset; because it is absorbed directly into the bloodstream

52
Q

All forms of parenteral administration require the use of?

A

A needle, syringe, and container

53
Q

How is a subcutaneous injection injected?

A

into the subcutaneous tissue at a 45-degree angle

54
Q

How is an intramuscular injection injected?

A

into the muscle tissue at a 90-degree angle

55
Q

Needle length and gauge depend on?

A

the viscosity of the drug, site selected, and specific method of injection

Special Imaging (7 decks)

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